Analysis of Psychological Conditions and Cognitive Load after Aircraft Accident/Incident on Air Traffic Controller Situational Awareness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/ajae.v5i3.16601Keywords:
Psychological Conditions, Cognitive Load, Situational Awareness, Air Traffic Controller, Aviation SafetyAbstract
This study analyzes the effect of psychological conditions and cognitive load after aircraft accident/incident on situational awareness among Air Traffic Controllers at AirNav Indonesia Surabaya Branch. Using a quantitative survey design, data were collected from 60 respondents through Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using validity, reliability, correlation, classical assumption, multiple regression, t-test, F-test, and determination coefficient procedures. The results show that psychological conditions and cognitive load were moderate, while situational awareness was high. Both variables had no significant partial or simultaneous effect on situational awareness. These findings indicate that controller situational awareness may be more strongly shaped by experience, training, procedures, technology, organizational support, and safety culture.
Downloads
References
Al-Mekhlafi, A. B. A., Isha, A. S. N., Abdulrab, M., Ajmal, M., & Kanwal, N. (2022). Moderating effect of safety culture on the association inter work schedule and driving performance using the theory of situation awareness. Heliyon, 8(11), e11289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11289
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
Ayuni, & Sodik, M. A. (2018). Manajemen trauma healing terhadap bencana. OSF. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/9nyt7
Black, S. C., Bender, A. D., Whitney, S. J., Loft, S., & Visser, T. A. W. (2022). The effect of multi-tasking training on performance, situation awareness, and workload in simulated air traffic control. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(4), 874–890. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3977
Brindley, P. G., & Tse, A. (2016). Situational awareness and human performance in trauma. In Trauma team dynamics (pp. 27–31). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16586-8_5
Button, K., & Neiva, R. (2014). Economic efficiency of European air traffic control systems. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 48(1), 65–80. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24396363
Čekanová, D., Miženková, Ž., Fábry, Ľ., & Rozenberg, R. (2016). Psychological aspects operating on the air traffic controller in reintegration into action after the accident. Magazine of Aviation Development, 4(20), 21–25. https://doi.org/10.14311/MAD.2016.20.04
Dilla, I. G. (2020). Faktor yang mempengaruhi kelelahan kerja pada personel Air Traffic Controller (ATC) di Bandara Internasional Minangkabau tahun 2020 [Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Andalas]. https://scholar.unand.ac.id/59504/
Endsley, M. R. (1995). Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems. Human Factors, 37(1), 32–64. https://doi.org/10.1518/001872095779049543
Endsley, M. R. (2015). Situation awareness misconceptions and misunderstandings. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 9(1), 4–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555343415572631
Eurocontrol. (2020). Critical incident stress management: Implementation quick guide. SKYbrary Aviation Safety. https://skybrary.aero/sites/default/files/bookshelf/5882.pdf
Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 25 (9th ed.). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro. https://openlibrary.org/books/OL38628194M/Aplikasi_Analisis_Multivariate
Hart, S. G., & Staveland, L. E. (1988). Development of NASA-TLX: Results of empirical and theoretical research. In P. A. Hancock & N. Meshkati (Eds.), Human mental workload (pp. 139–183). North-Holland. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4115(08)62386-9
Hatta, K. (2016). Trauma dan pemulihannya: Suatu kajian berdasarkan kasus pasca konflik dan tsunami. Dakwah Ar-Raniry Press.
International Civil Aviation Organization. (2016). Annex 13 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation: Aircraft accident and incident investigation (11th ed.). ICAO. https://archive.org/download/icao-an13-2016/an13-2016_text.pdf
International Civil Aviation Organization. (2018). Annex 11 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation: Air traffic services (15th ed.). ICAO.
Kraemer, J., & Süß, H.-M. (2015). Real time validation of online situation awareness questionnaires in simulated approach air traffic control. Procedia Manufacturing, 3, 3152–3159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.864
Mahdiah, G., & Purwaningsih, R. (2013). Pengaruh beban kerja mental, kelelahan kerja dan tingkat kantuk terhadap tingkat kewaspadaan petugas Air Traffic Control (ATC): Studi kasus di PT Angkasa Pura I (Persero) Bandar Udara Ahmad Yani Semarang. Industrial Engineering Online Journal, 2(3). https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/ieoj/article/view/4149
Poerwanto, E., & Mauidzoh, U. (2016). Analisis kecelakaan penerbangan di Indonesia untuk peningkatan keselamatan penerbangan. Angkasa, 8(2), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.28989/angkasa.v8i2.115
Pradhana, R. R., & Prastawa, H. (2022). Analisis beban kerja mental operator mesin pemotongan kayu pada bagian produksi Perum Perhutani Brumbung dengan metode NASA-TLX. Industrial Engineering Online Journal, 8(4). https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/ieoj/article/view/32948
Prasetyo, A. D., & Budiawan, W. (2019). Studi stres kerja operator Air Traffic Control (ATC) pada Bandara Ahmad Yani Semarang. Industrial Engineering Online Journal, 7(4). https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/ieoj/article/view/22973
Ramadhanti, P. S. (2021). Guided imagery for trauma. Guepedia. https://books.google.com/books/about/Guided_Imagery_for_Trauma.html?id=UZNnEAAAQBAJ
Samardžić, K., Radišić, T., Tukarić, I., & Hermann, R. E. H. (2022). Novel artificial situational awareness system is comparable with human situational awareness in the en-route air traffic control domain. Transportation Research Procedia, 64, 316–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2022.09.036
Saputra, S. T., Azizah, L. R., & Sutama. (2022). Pengaruh pasca accident/incident terhadap beban kerja mental ATC di Perum LPPNPI Cabang Medan. Langit Biru: Jurnal Ilmiah Aviasi, 15(2), 59–65. https://journal.ppicurug.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-ilmiah-aviasi/article/view/591
Sari, M. R., & Suliantoro, H. (2021). Analisis beban kerja mental menggunakan metode NASA-TLX pada Divisi Lipat PT Solo Murni. Industrial Engineering Online Journal, 10(3). https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/ieoj/article/view/33666
Schrefl, M., Neumayr, B., Gruber, S., Hartmann, M., Tukarić, I., & Radišić, T. (2022). Creating an ATC knowledge graph in support of the artificial situational awareness system. Transportation Research Procedia, 64, 328–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2022.09.037
Seftiyana, V. C. (2021). Mental workload of Air Traffic Control (ATC) personnel at Adisutjipto International Airport. Vortex, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.28989/vortex.v2i2.1008
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta. https://elibrary.bsi.ac.id/readbook/206060/metode-penelitian-kuantitatif-kualitatif-dan-r-d
Sujarweni, V. W. (2019). Metodologi penelitian bisnis dan ekonomi. Pustaka Baru Press. https://www.pustakabarupress.com/product/metodologi-penelitian-bisnis-ekonomi/
Susanti, S. (2017). Faktor penyebab kelelahan dan stres kerja terhadap personel Air Traffic Controller (ATC) di Bandar Udara “X”. Warta Ardhia, 42(3), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.25104/wa.v42i3.243.139-148
Susanto, P. C., Ricardianto, P., Hartono, H., & Firdiansyah, R. (2020). Peranan Air Traffic Control untuk keselamatan penerbangan di Indonesia. Aviasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Kedirgantaraan, 17(1), 1–11.
Utami, M. T., Lin, C.-H., Hartono, B., & Azzahra, F. (2022). Pengaruh antarmuka, beban kerja fisik dan mental pada kesadaran situasi dan performansi dalam tugas mengemudi. Prosiding SENIATI, 6(2), 404–408. https://ejournal.itn.ac.id/seniati/article/view/5006
Zulfikar, A. F. (2017). Usulan design jalan hauling tambang dengan pendekatan beban kerja mental: Studi kasus di PT Pamapersada Nusantara [Unpublished report, Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas]. https://eprints.ukmc.ac.id/261
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Erwin Munda, Nunuk Praptiningsih, Rahmawati Sukra, Dhian Supardam, Aldela Ayu Titi Nurhawani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
