The Effect of Transformational Leadership, and Servant Leadership on Organizational Citizen Behavior of Nurses with Job Satisfaction as a Mediator Variable

Amalia Sabina Damayanti; Suhartini Suhartini

doi:10.55927/ajma.v4i2.14268

Authors

Amalia Sabina Damayanti Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta
Suhartini Suhartini Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/ajma.v4i2.14268

Keywords:

Transformational Leadership, Servant Leadership, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Citizen Behavior

Abstract

This study explores how transformational and servant leadership influence nurses’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. Using the quantitative method, data from 70 respondents were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using SEM-PLS. The findings indicate that transformational and servant leadership have a significant positive impact on job satisfaction. Transformational leadership also has a significant positive effect on OCB. However, servant leadership and job satisfaction do not significantly affect OCB. In addition, job satisfaction does not mediate the relationship between the two leadership styles and OCB. These results highlight the importance of transformational leadership in influencing OCB. Future research is suggested to add other mediating or moderating variables for deeper understanding.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alahbabi, A. M. F. M., Teknikal, U., Melaka, M., Anidah, R., Malaysia, U. T., Samer, M., & Al-Shami, A. (2021). A Framework of Servant Leadership Impact on Job Performance: The Mediation Role of Employee Happiness in UAE Health Sector. In Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 2(20), pp.1-14.

Aras, R. A., & Jufri, M. (2022). The Effects of Leadership Style on Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Across Hierarchical Levels. In Social Science, Education and Humanities Research Journal, 639, pp. 227-231.

Ardiani, W. (2021). The Impact of Servant Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Mediated by Satisfaction Work on Employees of The Palm Oil Research Center. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Manajemen, 12 (1), pp.11-19.

Arijanto, A., Widayati, C., & Halim, H. A. (2023). How Does Transformational Leadership, Work Motivation on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) And Job Satisfaction as Mediating Variables in SME Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(9), pp.182–189.

Azmy, A. (2021). Implications of Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, And Organizational Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Electrical Professional Organizations in Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Business Research, 03(02), pp.63–80.

Munfaqiroh, s., mauludin, h., & suhendar, A. (2021). The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Employee Job Satisfaction with Organizational Commitment as Intervening Variable. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 11(1), 250. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v11i1.18270

Dami, Z. A., Imron, A., Burhanuddin, B., & Supriyanto, A. (2022). Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Trust and Leader-Member Exchange. Journal Of Frontiers in Education, 7(1), pp.1-18.

Deng, C., Gulseren, D., Isola, C., Grocutt, K., & Turner, N. (2023). Transformational leadership effectiveness: an evidence-based primer. Human Resource Development International, 26(5), pp. 627–641.

Dubey, P., Pathak, A. K., & Sahu, K. K. (2022). Analyzing Workplace Spirituality as a Mediator in The Link Between Job Satisfaction and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour. Journal Of Management Matters, 19(2), PP.109–128.

Fahreza, D., Setyono, L., & Nurtjahjono, G. (2023). How To Improve Job Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Through Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture? (Study On Employees of PT Anugrah Agung Pratama Kota Kediri). Equity: Jurnal Ekonomi, 11(1), pp.67–79.

Fahriyansyah, M. S., Natsir, M., Sumarsono, T. G., Mazaya, S. U., & Nanang A.S. (2022). Leadership style and organizational citizenship behavior in the local public hospital of Indonesia: The impact of job satisfaction. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 11(5), pp. 249–260.

Fathkhurrahman, H. I., Mohyi, A., & Mu’ammal, I. (2024). The Influence of Servant Leadership and Compensation on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) With Job Satisfaction as A Mediation Variable. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 04(03), pp.208–209.

Fatril, R., Putra, R. B., Dewi, R. C., & Fitri, H. (2022). Pengaruh Servant Leadership Dan Kualitas Kehidupan Kerja Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Dinas Pendidikan Kota Padang. Journal of Law and Economics, 1(1), pp.21–31.

Gede Nala Nandana, I., Surya Putra, M., & Penulis, K. (2024). Pengaruh Servant Leadership Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata, 20(1), pp.156–173.

Ginting, S. (2022). The Effect of Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction on The Formation of OCB In Marketing Staff of Pt Ajmi Pontianak Branch. Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Economy and Management Study, 2(4), pp.76–83.

Harwati, C. A., Widiastuti, N., Riauwanto, S., Magister, P., Stie, M., Wiwaha, W., & Com, N. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Melayani Dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pegawai Di Kecamatan Magelang Utara Kota Magelang Dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening. In Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Indonesia STIE Widya Wiwaha, 02, (04), pp.12-14.

Hermawan, F., Purnomo, H., Kusumastuti, D., Fitriana, R., Octaleny, E., Ie, M., & Sudadi. (2024). The Role of Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior of SME employees In the Digital Era. Journal Of Infrastructure, Policy and Development,08(07), pp. 9-10.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). SAGE

Ifta Firdausa Nuzula, Intan Tamara Febrinzky, & Sekar Shabrina Ramadhany. (2022). Effect of Transformational Leadership, Motivation, and Affective Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Journal of Management Studies and Development, 1(01), pp. 24–35.

Jannati, Lubis, A. R., & Putra, T. R. I. (2022). The Effect of Transformation Leadership Style and Compensation on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Their Implications on The Performance of Police Apparatus at The Ditreskrimsus Polda Aceh. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research, 05(03), pp.146–164.

Jankelová, N., & Joniaková, Z. (2021). Communication Skills and Transformational Leadership Style of First-Line Nurse Managers with Job Satisfaction of Nurses and Moderators of This Relationship. Journal of Healthcare (Switzerland), 9(3), pp.1-18.

Jufrizen, Nadia, & Muslih. (2022). Mediation Role of Job Satisfaction on The Influence of Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership on Organizational Commitment. In International Journal of Science, Technology and Management.01(02), pp.985-996.

Katitas, S., Dogan, S., & Yildiz, S. (2022). The Effect of Servant Leadership Behaviors of School Principals on Teachers’ Job Satisfaction. Journal Of Education and Recreation Patterns, 03(02), pp.1–20.

Kumari, K., Abbas, J., Hwang, J., & Cioca, L. I. (2022). Does Servant Leadership Promote Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Employees? A Structural Analysis. Journal Of Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(9), pp.1-18.

King, M., Bowling, N. A., & Eschleman, K. J. (2021). The Degree of Spuriousness Within the Job Satisfaction-Organizational Citizenship Behavior Relationship. Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology, 5(3), pp.162–182.

Liden, R. C., Wayne, S. J., Zhao, H., & Henderson, D. (2008). Servant Leadership: Development Of a Multidimensional Measure and Multi-level Assessment. The Leadership Quarterly, 19(1), pp.161–177.

Ludin, I., & Mukti, S. (2023). The Influence of Servant Leadership and Organizational Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Of Employee of Minhajul Haq Islamic Boarding School Purwakarta. Journal of Multidiciplinary Islamic Studies, 4(2), pp. 83–98.

Mach Fira, U. (2023). Pengaruh Servant Leadership Dan Empowerment Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Pada PT. Bank Sumut. Jurnal Akuntansi, Manajemen Dan Ilmu Ekonomi (Jasmien), 3(02), pp. 119–130.

Murwidiastomo, B., & Murwidiastono, B. (2021). Influence Of Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Citizenship Behavior Mediated by Motivation Variabel. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 2(6), pp.974-990.

Naimah, Muflikhatun, Tentama, F., & Yuliasesti Diah Sari, E. (2022). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Keterlibatan Kerja Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Melalui Mediator Kepuasan Kerja. Psikologika: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Psikologi, 27(2), pp.197–222.

Najih, S., & Mansyur, A. (2022). Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB): Efek Budaya Organisasi Dan Work-Family Conflict. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah), 5(1), pp.347–354.

Nurhidayati, A. N., Susita, D., & Sebayang Arfiando. Dianta Karuniana. (2021). The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Perceived Organizational Justice on Organizational Citizenship Behavior with Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variable. The International Journal of Social Sciences World, 3 (2), pp.193-204.

Organ, D. W. 1988. Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, pp.530.

Othman, T., & Khrais, H. (2022). The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment in Jordanian Nurses. Journal of Anaesthesia, Pain and Intensive Care, 26(3), pp.304–309.

Pratiwi, L. A., & Nawangsari, L. C. (2021). Organizational Citizenship Behavior while mediating Self-Efficacy, Servant Leadership, and Organization Culture on Employee Performance. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 6(1), pp.225–231.

Purwanti, R. Y., Sriatmi, A., & Dwiantoro, L. (2023). The Impact of Servant Leadership in Nursing Practice at The Hospital: A Literature Review. Journal of Holistic Nursing Science, 10(2), pp.84-86.

Purwanto, A., & Sulaiman, A. (2023). The Role of Transformational and Transactional Leadership on Job Satisfaction of Millennial Teachers, Universal Journal of Science and Technology, 02(02), pp.3-6.

Putra, R., & Penulis, K. (2021). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Dan Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Karyawan Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Perusahaan Pt. Sawah Solok. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 02(02), pp.989-1001.

Quesado, A. J., Estanqueiro, M., Melo, M. B., & Oliveira, I. (2022). Transformational Leadership and Nurses’ Satisfaction with Their Team: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Nursing Practice Today, 09(03), pp.243–250.

Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2015). Organizational Behavior (16th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc. pp.261.

Ramadhona, P., Erlina, R. R., & Jimad, H. (2022). Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance Mediated by Employee Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Economics, Business, and Entrepreneurship, 05(02), pp.58-68.

Rusmayanti, P. A., Martini, N. N. P., & Qomariah, N. (2022). The Effect of Competence and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Performance. International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI), 11(01), pp.21-29.

Rimatanti, N. F., & Darmawan, A. (2023). Influence of Quality of Work Life (QWL), Organizational Commitment (OC), and Transformational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Journal of Economics, Social, and Humanities, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.30595/jesh.v1i1.76

Sihombing, O. N., & Iqbal, M. A. (2024). The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment with Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variable on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for The Environment (OCBE)-Case Study of Employees in Agency of Labor, Transmigration and Energy Special Capital Region of Jakarta. Indonesian Journal of Business Analytics (IJBA), 03(01), pp.127–146.

Spector, P. E. (1985). Measurement Of Human Service Staff Satisfaction: Development of The Job Satisfaction Survey. American Journal of Community Psychology,13(6), pp.693–713

Sri Wahyuni, W., & Dyki Dirbawanto, N. (2022). The Effect of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Employees. In Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences and Business (JHSSB),02(02), pp.313-315.

Steify M.E.W Sepang, H. M. M. (2025). Servant Leadership Dan Budaya Organisasi: Implikasi Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Akuntansi Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Kota Manado. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis, 8(1), pp.1094-1111.

Subhaktiyasa, P. G., Andriana, K. R. F., Sintari, S. N. N., Wati, W. S., Sumaryani, N. P., & Lede, Y. U. (2023). Effect Of Transformational Leadership, Servant Leadership, And Spiritual Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Jurnal Organisasi Dan Manajemen, 19(01), pp.224–238.

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta

Slamet, R., & Wahyuningsih, S. (2022). Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Terhadap Instrumen Kepuasan Kerja. Aliansi: Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, 17(2), pp.51-54.

Suriansyah, A., & Saleh, M. (2022). The Effect of The Transformational Leadership, Work Culture and Work Environment on Teachers’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). International Journal of Social Science and Human Research,05(12), pp.5400-5401.

Sutiyatno, S. (2024). The Effect of Servant Leadership and Authentic Leadership on Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Journal Of Economics, Finance and Management Studies,07(01). pp.336-338.

Wulandari, D., Sunaryo, W., & Indrajanti Tedjasukmana, D. (2021). Improving Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Through Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction. Journal Of Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. (566), pp.46-49.

Si, W., Shi, S., Zhou, M., & Cai, Z. (2023). Taken for granted: When servant leadership may be negatively related to OCB via psychological entitlement. Journal of Business Research, 166, 114122.

Qurtubi, A. (2022). The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Ocb) On Islamic School Teachers’ Satisfaction. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 2022(7), 2744–2753. http://journalppw.com

Zhang, J., Huang, Q., & Xu, J. (2022). The Relationships Among Transformational Leadership, Professional Learning Communities and Teachers’ Job Satisfaction in China: What Do the Principals Think. Journal of Sustainability (Switzerland),14(04), pp.10-12.