IoT-based Stunting Education and Early Detection System for Stunting-Free Indonesia

Indonesia's stunting prevalence 2022 reached 21.6%, which is still high compared to the WHO threshold of 20%. The Indonesian government's target for 2023 is 17% and the target for 2024 is 14%. Stunting is a long-term chronic nutritional condition that disrupts children's growth. In line with the government program, this research was conducted to build an education system & early detection of stunted children using IoT technology. The target users of the system are prospective brides, pregnant women, postpartum mothers and PKK cadres. With the education system and early detection of stunting children, it is hoped that brides-to-be, pregnant women, and postpartum mothers can understand how to prevent stunting babies, and make it easier for users to communicate, consult about stunting babies so that they can reduce the prevalence of stunting according to government targets. The research method used is the classic software development model, which is waterfall.

Indonesia's stunting prevalence 2022 reached 21.6%, which is still high compared to the WHO threshold of 20%.The Indonesian government's target for 2023 is 17% and the target for 2024 is 14%.Stunting is a long-term chronic nutritional condition that disrupts children's growth.In line with the government program, this research was conducted to build an education system & early detection of stunted children using IoT technology.The target users of the system are prospective brides, pregnant women, postpartum mothers and PKK cadres.With the education system and early detection of stunting children, it is hoped that brides-to-be, pregnant women, and postpartum mothers can understand how to prevent stunting babies, and make it easier for users to communicate, consult about stunting babies so that they can reduce the prevalence of stunting according to government targets.The research method used is the classic software development model, which is waterfall.

INTRODUCTION
Indonesia's stunting prevalence rate according to the National Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI) is still quite high at 21.6% in 2022.Meanwhile, the WHO standard for stunting prevalence is below 20%.Therefore, the government targets the stunting rate to fall to 17% by 2023 (Kemenkes, 2023).Stunting is a serious health problem in which child growth is impaired as a result of long-term lack of nutritional intake or chronic nutritional problems.The stunting process begins in the first thousand (1000) days (Bahari, 2019), from the fetus in the womb until the baby is 2 years old.The first 1000 days is the golden period to prevent stunting.Several studies have shown the impact of stunting on children's cognitive development and learning achievement, and this results in low work productivity.Low labor productivity will result in economic growth and increased poverty (Noviyanti, 2023), (Sumartini, 2020), (Anwar and Winarti, 2022).
The lack of community awareness, as well as the lack of knowledge of brides-to-be, pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers about stunting babies is one of the factors causing the high stunting rate.Education about stunting babies is delivered by health workers when Posyandu is held.While Posyandu is held once a month, so mothers have difficulty in consulting with health workers.Based on the above problems, eating to support the Indonesian government programme in reducing the prevalence of stunting.As well as referring to the results of Sylvia Anjani's research in 2022 regarding the level of effectiveness of using mobile applications (Anjani et al, 2022), the researchers have an idea to use smartphones as a means of socialisation and education and early detection of stunting babies.Because smartphones have become one of the needs of today's society, not only as a means of communication but also as a tool for accessing and transferring knowledge.

THEORETICAL REVIEW
IoT (Internet of Things).With the Internet of Thing all devices can be connected to the cloud or to other devices, can communicate, transmit data and control both via wireless networks and the internet.In previous research, Lukman Hakim used IoT technology connected to baby weights, and the results simplified and accelerated the process of measuring and reporting the weight of toddlers (Lukman Hakim, 2023).Similarly, the results of several previous studies, IoT technology can be applied in various tools to monitor smoke concentration, monitor temperature, manage systems and monitor seeds for hydroponics, all of which conclude that IoT technology helps the work system and simplifies the process (Cholish, 2021), (Ikhwanusshofa and Nuramal, 2020), (Fuada et al, 2023).Referring to previous studies, this research utilizes IoT technology, to connect the weighing device to the education and stunting detection system, thus shortening the work of recording, transferring and storing weighing data.
The application development model that researchers use is Waterfall.This model is a classic, systematic and sequential software development model, where the stages start from analyzing, designing, followed by coding, system testing and maintenance.Waterfall is named because each stage must be done in order from top (beginning) to bottom (last) like waterfall, and cannot be done simultaneously.This model is popular and widely used among software developers.Some previous researchers successfully developed software for archiving systems, e-Tatib applications, Wellies monitoring and Cooperative Savings and Loan Information Systems, using the Waterfall method (Kemenkes, 2023), (Cholish, 2021), (Ikhwanusshofa and Nuramal, 2020), (Fuada et al, 2023).

METHODOLOGY
The method and stages of research used are the Waterfall method.The research steps are as follows:

Requirement Analysis
Users of this system can be anyone, but it is mainly intended for prospective brides, pregnant women and nursing mothers.To make it easier for system users and so that the software can be opened anywhere, this application is android-based.The purpose of this system is to educate users about stunting, how to prevent it and detect stunting early.All information about stunting is collected from various literatures and interviews with health workers, then this data and information is processed and analyzed and compiled specifications of user needs.

System and Software Design
This stage aims to provide a general and detailed description of the system components, what to do, the architecture of the software system to be created and determine hardware requirements.

Implementation and Unit Testing
This implementation stage has entered the programming stage, compiling modules which will then be combined.After the modules are combined, their functionality will be tested.Is it in accordance with the wishes or criteria of the user.

Requirement Analysis
From the results of the literature study, interviews with health workers and examination of documents, problem identification can be arranged as in table 1.

System Design
The initial stage in designing a system is designing a storyboard, this storyboard contains a series of activities or system scenarios.An overview of the scenario of this Iot-based education and early detection system for stunting can be seen from the following table: Preparing the Material To design this educational system and early detection of stunting, several supporting materials are needed, such as : 1. Images: taken from personal collections and from the internet.2. Video: video creation from multiple images using Kine Master.3. Voice: the voice that contains some explanations is done with a softening of the voice.4. Music: music is used for back sound and button click sound effects.Besides being able to see a list of healthy food menus, visitors can also simulate compiling a healthy food menu.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
From the results of this study can be drawn conclusions: 1.This IoT-based stunting education and early detection system design can be used as a blue print for the IoT-based stunting education and early detection system design system.2. This system makes it easier for the general public, especially prospective brides, pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers to obtain information about stunting, can learn about the causes of stunting, characteristics, prevention and follow-up if stunting occurs, can learn to compose a healthy menu for toddlers.

FURTHER STUDY
The results of the design of this IoT-based stunting education and early detection system can be continued to implementation in further research.

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Use Case diagram of proposed stunting education & early detection system

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. Sequential Diagram Admin Manage Education Menu

Figure 5 .
Figure 5. Sequential Diagram of Admin Managing the Healthy Food Menu The figure above is the admin process of managing the healthy food menu.

Figure 6 .
Figure 6.Sequential Diagram Pengunjung Melihat Menu Stunting The figure above explains the process of how visitors see the Stunting menu.

Figure 9 .
Figure 9. Sequential Diagram of Visitor access to Healthy Eating