Analysis of the Influence of Financial Literacy on Financial Behavior Using Financial Technology as an Intervening Factor for Mekaar PNM Customers

Madani National Capital (PNM) was established as an effort taken by the government to become a financial management institution in advancing, maintaining and developing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). PNM is an institution that provides training for micro-entrepreneurs and is a strategic solution for the government to develop access to capital throughout Indonesia. PNM is expected to be able to become a financial institution that can create independent and resilient customers with one hundred percent of the shares held by the government. Financial literacy can be understood as knowledge, skills and beliefs that influence attitudes and behavior to improve the quality of decision making and financial management in an effort to achieve prosperity. Simply put, financial literacy is the ability to understand and apply effectively a wide range of financial skills, including personal finance management, budgeting and investing. A strong financial literacy foundation can support various life goals, such as saving for education and retirement, managing money productively, running a business, and being selective and using debt responsibly. People who have a high level of financial literacy, meaning they are financially literate, so they are not too vulnerable to financial fraud. Conversely, people with low financial literacy are referred to as people who are financially illiterate, so they are easily influenced and trapped in financial fraud. In conducting this research, the population was all Mekaar PNM customers in 5 Mekaar PNM units, 3 units in urban areas and 2 units in rural areas, totaling 15,549 customers

Madani National Capital (PNM) was established as an effort taken by the government to become a financial management institution in advancing, maintaining and developing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). PNM is an institution that provides training for microentrepreneurs and is a strategic solution for the government to develop access to capital throughout Indonesia. PNM is expected to be able to become a financial institution that can create independent and resilient customers with one hundred percent of the shares held by the government. Financial literacy can be understood as knowledge, skills and beliefs that influence attitudes and behavior to improve the quality of decision making and financial management in an effort to achieve prosperity. Simply put, financial literacy is the ability to understand and apply effectively a wide range of financial skills, including personal finance management, budgeting and investing. A strong financial literacy foundation can support various life goals, such as saving for education and retirement, managing money productively, running a business, and being selective and using debt responsibly. People who have a high level of financial literacy, meaning they are financially literate, so they are not too vulnerable to financial fraud. Conversely, people with low financial literacy are referred to as people who are financially illiterate, so they are easily influenced and trapped in financial fraud. In conducting this research, the population was all Mekaar PNM customers in 5 Mekaar PNM units, 3 units in urban areas and 2 units in rural areas, totaling 15,549 customers

INTRODUCTION
to develop and run their businesses and ultimately change the economy in the household.

Financial Behavior
Financial behavior (Financial behavior) is related to the purpose of using products and efforts to achieve financial goals (Soetiono and Setiawan, 2018:47). Behavioral Finance is a scientific discipline in which the interaction of various disciplines is inherent and continuously integrated so that the discussion is not carried out in isolation. It can be concluded that a science that studies how humans respond and react to existing information in an effort to make decisions that can optimize returns by taking into account the risks inherent in them (Landang et al.,2021).
According to Shefrin (2000), financial behavior is a study that studies how psychological phenomena affect financial behavior.According to Suryanto (2017), financial behavior explains how a person treats, manages and uses the financial resources he has. According to Nababan and Sadalia, (2012: 5), financial behavior relates to how a person treats, manages, and uses financial resources and tends to be effectively responsible for using the money he has.
Financial behavior (financial behavior) relates to a person's financial responsibilities related to the way finances are managed (Pulungan, 2020). Financial behavior is a person's ability to organize (planning, budgeting, checking, managing, controlling, disbursing and storage) of daily financial funds (Arianti, 2020). From here, the authors conclude that financial behavior is the attitude or behavior of individuals in managing their finances so that they are managed properly. Factors that influence financial behavior in his journal (Alfida, 2018) are as follows: 1. Financial Knowledge Financial knowledge or financial literacy is one's mastery over various things about the financial world, Kholilah (2013).

Financial Attitude
Financial attitude refers to how a person feels about personal financial problems as measured by responses or an opinion statement, Marsh in Herdjiono (2016).

Locus of Control
Locus of Control Is a person's perspective on an event whether he can or cannot control the events that happen to him, Rotter in Baker et al (2017;28). Factors that influence financial behavior in his journal (Laily, 2016) this theory shows that background such as gender, age, experience, knowledge will influence a person's belief in something which will ultimately affect that person's behavior. Gender was identified as one of the factors that influence students' financial behavior.

Financial Literacy
Knowledge of finance orfinancial literacy Good is a basic need for every individual. The benefit of having knowledge is that individuals have good financial planning and avoid financial problems, (Widayanti et al., 2017).
Financial difficulties are not caused by income alone (low income), financial difficulties can also arise if there are mistakes in financial management such as misuse of credit, lack of financial planning and lack of savings. So having high financial literacy is vital to get a prosperous life, (Akmal & Saputra, 2019).
More family financial difficulties are caused by family members who do not have the knowledge and expertise to manage their personal finances properly, which has an impact on their health and well-being physically or spiritually. A good level of financial literacy will provide future prosperity for individuals and families.
AL ccording to the Regulal tion of the Final ncial l Services AL uthority (OJK) No. 76 yeal r 2016 Final ncial l Literal cy is al series of processes or al ctivities to increal se knowledge, competence, al nd skills of consumers al nd the general l public so thal t they al re al ble to mal nal ge final nces better. Final ncial l literal cy includes final ncial l mal nal gement, types al nd service industries final nce, profits, costs, risks, final ncial l products al nd services, final ncial l products al nd services, customer rights al nd obligal tions, al nd tral ding mechal nisms for final ncial l products al nd services. Given the increal sing number of investment products, final ncial l knowledge is very importal nt in the decision-mal king process.

Final ncial l Technology
Informal tion technology is now al necessity al nd is pal rt of the process of al ctivities thal t al re insepal ral ble in humal n life, the development of informal tion technology hal s al significal nt impal ct on people's lives, both individual ls al nd orgal nizal tions. Informal tion technology in the final ncial l sector is used to help people al ccess final ncial l products al nd services. Innoval tion in informal tion technology provides opportunities for us to cal rry out final ncial l al ctivities al nywhere, al nytime, eal sily al nd sal fely. Informal tion technology innoval tion in the field of final ncial l services isFinTech orFinal ncial l Technology which meal ns innoval tion in providing final ncial l services (Wiyono & Kiral nal , 2020). AL ccording to the Final ncial l Services AL uthority (OJK) Final ncial l Technology is al n innoval tion in the final ncial l services industry thal t utilizes the use of technology.
In presenting the understal nding ofFinal ncial l Technology there al re several l al lhi who hal ve their views contal ined in Ral hal di's book (2020: 9), al s follows: 1. Wilson (2017) found thal t final ncial l technology is al compal ny thal t uses technology to general te revenue through final ncial l services for customers. 2. Final ncial l Stal bility Boal rd (FSB), (2017) FinTech is al lso defined al s technological l innoval tion in final ncial l services thal t cal n produce business models, al pplical tions, processes or products with mal terial l effects relal ted to the provision of final ncial l services. 3. McKinsey (2016) al rgues thal tfintech or digital l final nce al s final ncial l services supported by digital l infral structure, including cellulal r phones al nd the internet. TermFinTech orFinal ncial l Technology is al combinal tion of final ncial l mal nal gement using al technology system.FinTech hal s become al concern of the community becal use this service provides mal ny service feal tures to mal ke it eal sier from al final ncial l perspective, such al s being used in cooperal tive final ncial l institutions, bal nking al nd insural nce.Final ncial l Technology or known al s fintech is the replal cement of cal sh into non-cal sh by using the al pplical tion.

Reseal rch Hypothesis The Effect of Final ncial l Literal cy on Final ncial l Behal vior
Final ncial l literal cy shows how individual ls know the fal cts al nd understal nding used to mal nal ge personal l final nces so thal t they al re successful in mal nal ging final nces well (Gal rmal n al nd Forgue, 2000). With final ncial l literal cy, individual ls will hal ve the provisions to survive in modern society (Sal bri, 2011).
Final ncial l Literal cy hal s al positive effect on final ncial l behal vior. This is in line with reseal rch conducted by AL smer Vovrial nto Situmeal ng (2020). The results showed thal t the final ncial l behal vior of students of the Fal culty of Economics al nd Business, University of North Sumal tral , wal s included in the good cal tegory, becal use there al re still mal ny students who al re al wal re of the importal nce of knowledge al bout final nce in everydal y life to be al ble to mal nal ge final nces, al djust the budget to the needs al nd money or income they hal ve. Final ncial l Technology negal tive effect on final ncial l behal vior. This is in line with reseal rch conducted by Brigittal AL zal leal Pulo Tukal n, Wal hyudi, al nd Pinem (2020). The results of this study indical te thal tfinal ncial l technology hal s no influence al nd is not significal nt on final ncial l behal vior. Bal sed on theoretical l studies al nd previous reseal rch, the hypothesis is proposed: H3: Final ncial l Technology negal tive effect on behal viour Final nce for PNM Mekal al r Customers.

Effect of Final ncial l Literal cy on Final ncial l Behal vior Through Final ncial l Technology
Final ncial l knowledge is al n integral l dimension of final ncial l literal cy. Final ncial l literal cy occurs when individual ls al ct by knowing the fal cts al nd understal nding needed to mal nal ge personal l final nces so they cal n mal nal ge final nces well (Sal bri, 2011). In order for the concept to be exal mined empirical lly, it must be operal tional lized by turning it into al val rial ble. Bal sed on the operal tional l reseal rch concept, there al re two reseal rch val rial bles used, nal mely al s follows: 1. Independent Val rial bles(Independent Val rial ble) X AL ccording to Sugiyono (2019: 69), stal tes thal t val rial blesindependent often referred to al s val rial blesstimulus, predictor, al ntecedent. In Indonesial n it is often referred to al s the independent val rial ble. The independent val rial ble is al val rial ble thal t influences or cal uses chal nges or cal uses the dependent val rial ble to al rise(dependent). Independent val rial ble(independent) in this study is Final ncial l Literal cy (1) al ndFinal ncial l Technology (2).
2. Dependent Val rial ble(Dependent Val rial ble) AL ND AL ccording to Sugiyono (2019: 69), stal tes thal t val rial blesdependent al s al val rial bleoutput, criterion, consequence. In Indonesial n it is often cal lled the dependent val rial ble. The dependent val rial ble is the val rial ble thal t is al ffected or becomes the result, becal use of the independent val rial bles(independent). Dependent val rial ble (Dependent) in this study is Behal vioral l Final nceNal sal bal h PNM Mekal al r.

RESEAL RCH RESULTS AL ND DISCUSSION
In the first stal ge in the eval lual tion or al ssessingOuter Model ie withConvergent Val lidity, Convergent Val lidity from al meal surement model with reflective indical tors al ssessed bal sed on the correlal tion between the item Score/Component Score estimal ted usingsoftwal re Smal rtPLS 4. AL sepal ral te reflective meal sure is sal id to be high if it correlal tes more thal n 0.70 with the construct being meal sured. In this study, the initial l stal ge of developing al meal surement scal le for al loal ding val lue of 0.5 to 0.6 is still considered sufficient. AL ccording to Ghozal li Lal tal n, (2015) sal id thal t for the initial l stal ge of al ssessment the reflective meal sure is sal id to be high if it correlal tes > 0.70 with the construct you wal nt to meal sure. However, for reseal rch in the eal rly stal ges of developing al meal surement scal le, al loal ding val lue of 0.5 to 0.6 is considered sufficient.

DISCUSSION
Discriminal nt Val lidity used to ensure thal t eal ch concept in eal ch lal tent val rial ble is different from other val rial bles. models hal veDiscriminal nt Val lidity which is good if eal ch loal ding val lue of eal ch indical tor on al lal tent val rial ble hal s al lal rge val lue compal red to the loal ding val lue on other val rial bles. In this study, the results of cal lculal tions or testingDiscriminal nt Val lidity obtal ined nal mely: Bal sed on tal ble al bove, it shows thal t eal ch indical tors on reseal rch val rial bles hal ve val luecross loal ding the lal rgest in the val rial ble it forms, compal red to the val luecross loal ding in other val rial bles. The results obtal ined, it cal n be stal ted thal t the indical tors used in this study hal veDiscriminal nt Val lidity good al t setting up its own val rial bles.

Hypothesis Testing
Bal sed on the dal tal processing performed, the results cal n be used to al nswer the hypothesis in this study. Hypothesis testing is done by looking al t the val luetstal tistics al nd val lueP-val lues. The hypothesis in this study cal n be declal red al ccepted if the results al re in al ccordal nce withRule of Thumb, Ifp-val lue under 0.05 al got-stal tistic 1.96. The following is al tal ble of cal lculal tions fromResult For Inner Weights Presenting the val lue cal lculal tion from the direct linkal ge hypothesis al s follows:  Bal sed on the dal tal thal t hal s been processed using PLS, eal ch relal tionship thal t hal s been hypothesized is cal rried out using al simulal tion. In this cal se, the bootstral p method wal s cal rried out on the sal mple. With bootstral p testing intended to minimize problems with al bnormal l dal tal in reseal rch.
Bal sed on the hypothesis testing thal t hal s been done, the result is thal t the final ncial l literal cy val rial ble hal s al positive al nd significal nt effect on the final ncial l behal vior val rial ble. Likewise with val rial bles al re val rial blesfinal ncial l technology al lso hal s al positive al nd significal nt influence on final ncial l behal vior val rial bles. The following is al n explal nal tion of the reseal rch results:

The Effect of Final ncial l Literal cy Val rial bles on Final ncial l Behal vior
The effect of final ncial l literal cy val rial bles on final ncial l behal vior Bal sed on the reseal rch results show thal t final ncial l literal cy hal s al positive al nd significal nt effect on final ncial l behal vior. This is evidenced by the pal th coefficient val lue which is positive of 0.308 al nd the val lue (T-stal tistic) of 5.258 > 1.96 (T-tal ble) al nd the val lueP-Val lues 0,001 < 0.05. The results of the study stal ted thal t the mal joritycustomer PNM Mekal al rhal ve good general l knowledge of personal l final nce, sal vings al nd loal ns, investments al nd insural nce. So in this study it cal n be sal id thal t the higher the level of final ncial l literal cycustomer PNM Mekal al r,the better the final ncial l behal viorcustomer PNM Mekal al r. So thal t it cal n be sal id thal t if al customer hal s al low level of final ncial l literal cy, then he will fal ce problems final nce in his life, becal use final ncial l literal cy plal ys al n importal nt role in improving one's behal vior. Moreover, al customer whose mal jority is mal rried tends to hal ve more diverse needs al nd must be met with income which mal y be sal id to be limited, so thal t final ncial l literal cy is needed to form good final ncial l behal vior in order to al void final ncial l difficulties al nd al chieve final ncial l prosperity in lifecustomers. Final ncial l literal cy cal n include some knowledge al bout sal vings, insural nce, debt, investment al nd others thal t cal n al ffect one's behal vior in final ncial l mal tters. One cal n be wiser in behal ving in final ncial l mal tters if one cal n know more al nd more al bout the elements

Effect of Final ncial l Literal cy on Final ncial l Technology
Effect of Final ncial l Literal cy on Final ncial l Technology Bal sed on the reseal rch results show thal t final ncial l literal cy hal s al positive al nd significal nt effect on final ncial l technology. This is evidenced by the pal th coefficient val lue which is positive of 0.608 al nd the val lue (T-stal tistic) of 9.029 > 1.96 (T-tal ble) al nd the val lueP-Val lues 0,001 < 0.05. The results of the study stal ted thal t the mal joritycustomer PNM Mekal al rhal ve good general l knowledge of personal l final nce, sal vings al nd loal ns, investments al nd insural nce. So in this study it cal n be sal id thal t the higher the level of final ncial l literal cy customer PNM Mekal al r,the better the usal bilityfinal ncial l technology PNM Mekal al r customers. So thal t it cal n be sal id thal t if al customer hal s al low level of final ncial l literal cy, he will fal ce problems in using final ncial l technology in his life, becal use final ncial l literal cy plal ys al n importal nt role in improving one's al bilities. Moreover, al customer whose mal jority al re mal rried tends to hal ve more diverse needs al nd must be met with income which mal y be sal id to be limited, so thal t final ncial l literal cy is needed to form al person's al bility to use good final ncial l technology in order to al void final ncial l difficulties al nd be al ble to al chieve final ncial l well-being in lifecustomers. Final ncial l literal cy cal n include some knowledge al bout sal vings, insural nce, debt, investment al nd others thal t cal n al ffect al person's al bility to use itFinal ncial l Technology. One cal n become wiser in behal ving in final ncial l mal tters if one cal n know more al nd more al bout the elements in final ncial l technology. The results of this study al re supported by this which is in line with reseal rch conducted by Rizki Miftal hur Rohmal h al nd Tri Gunal rsih (2021) which stal tes thal t final ncial l literal cy hal s al significal nt positive effect onfinal ncial l technology.

Effect of Final ncial l Technology on Final ncial l Behal vior
Bal sed on the reseal rch results show thal tfinal ncial l technology positive al nd significal nt effect on final ncial l behal vior. This is evidenced by val lue the pal th coefficient is positive al t 0.514 al nd the val lue (T-stal tistic) is 8.146 > 1.96 (T-tal ble) al nd the val lueP-Val lues 0,000 < 0.05. The results al re due to understal nding al nd usecustomer final ncial l technologyPNM Mekal al r is optimal l, becal usecustomersPNM Mekal al r al lwal ys uses one of the products fintech to do his job. Presence final ncial l technology al lso hal s positive al nd negal tive impal cts. The positive impal ct is thal t it is eal sier for someone to al ccess final ncial l services al nd products only throughsmal rtphone/gal dget owned al nd cal n optimize its use becal use it hal s al more al ffordal ble cost in providing convenience during tral nsal ctions, investments, sal vings al nd loal n al ctivities al nd sal vings. Meal nwhile, the negal tive impal ct is thal t the more convenience it provides in the field of tral nsal ctions, al person will become consumptive becal use they don't feel like spending money physical lly.Final ncial l Technology is al new innoval tion in final ncial l services thal t al dal pts to technological l developments (Dal vid lee, al nd Dindal Low, 2018: 1).Fintech is al n innoval tion thal t provides convenience al nd comfort for people in the final ncial l sector, becal use people cal n mal ke tral nsal ctions only with smal rtphones al nd the internet. AL person's final ncial l behal vior will definitely be al ffected by their presencefintech which mal kes it eal sier for the person to cal rry out final ncial l tral nsal ctions. The results of this study al re supported by the reseal rch of Nal dyal Ral mal dhal ni S al nd Debbi Chyntial Oval mi (2021)