Social Care Based on Local Wisdom for People with Disabilities in Bongki Village, Sinjai Regency

This research aims to determine local wisdom-based community concern for people with disabilities. This research uses qualitative research. Data was obtained by field research using observation, interviews and documentation methods, involving the community and government officials. The results of this research show that in society's view of people with disabilities, no human being is born perfect, because Allah SWT created humans each equipped with their own strengths and weaknesses. Likewise with people who have physical limitations, people with disabilities are stated in the cultural norms and values ​​of sipakatau, sipakainge and sipakalebbi (3S). The community in Bongki Village, North Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency always provides support to people with disabilities. One way of showing this support is social support as the presence of people who personally provide advice, motivate, direct, encourage and show a way out when experiencing problems and when experiencing obstacles in carrying out activities in a directed manner to achieve goals

This research aims to determine local wisdombased community concern for people with disabilities.This research uses qualitative research.Data was obtained by field research using observation, interviews and documentation methods, involving the community and government officials.The results of this research show that in society's view of people with disabilities, no human being is born perfect, because Allah SWT created humans each equipped with their own strengths and weaknesses.Likewise with people who have physical limitations, people with disabilities are stated in the cultural norms and values of sipakatau, sipakainge and sipakalebbi (3S).The community in Bongki Village, North Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency always provides support to people with disabilities.One way of showing this support is social support as the presence of people who personally provide advice, motivate, direct, encourage and show a way out when experiencing problems and when experiencing obstacles in carrying out activities in a directed manner to achieve goals

INTRODUCTION
The existence of people with disabilities is not given enough attention in terms of empowerment and the perception of the people around them, and they are even considered a burden on society (Parmenter, 2021).They often receive unfair treatment, and in various regions are considered a family disgrace.As a result, people with disabilities are often separated from the general public, in the field of education and other social aspects (Richard & Hennekam, 2021).Thus, the solution to the problems of people with disabilities in society uses an approach based on compassion (charity approach).The struggle to gain recognition for the rights and potential of people with disabilities has been carried out for a long time, by disabled figures as well as from general public figures (Almalky, 2020).The effort began by changing the paradigm of the charity approach to an approach based on human rights and the potential to play a role in society or a social approach.With a social approach, people with disabilities get equal opportunities in all aspects of life, such as education, work and participation in all community activities.The struggle reached its peak with his exit.United Nations Convention on equal rights for persons with disabilities on 3 May 2008 (Malik et al., 2021).
The existence of regulations made in the UN convention has an impact on disabled people, including in Indonesia.The Indonesian government has begun to make regulations regarding disability rights, including: it's about education (Gumelar & Sardi, 2021).Children who experience limitations in growth and development often experience hampered learning processes and are given special treatment and appropriate approach methods.Apart from that, disability has various types.Disability is a functional consequence that describes the presence of dysfunction or reduction in a function that can be objectively measured/seen due to the loss/abnormality of a person's body part/organ (Lawson & Beckett, 2021).Then, a person with a physical disability is someone who is unable to carry out a particular activity or activity which is caused by a physical condition or biological system that is different from other people in general.According to Widjopranoto and Sumarno, A person with a physical disability has joints or bone structures that are different from normal people in general, paralysis of the limbs or incomplete upper or lower limbs (Putriani et al., 2024).
Persons with disabilities have rights and social welfare development which is an embodiment of efforts to achieve the nation's goals as mandated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.The fifth principle of Pancasila states that social justice is for all Indonesian people, and the Preamble to the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Indonesia in 1945 mandated the state to protect the entire Indonesian nation and all of Indonesia's blood, promote general welfare, educate the life of the nation, and participate in implementing world order based on independence, eternal peace and social justice.In law number 11 of 2009 concerning social welfare article 1 paragraph 1 explains that social welfare is a condition of the full material, spiritual and social fulfillment of citizens so that they can live a decent life and can develop themselves so that they can carry out their social functions (Mustafa, 2022).
These regulations have been stated in the law, which means that citizens must know about them and it is mandatory to implement them.In everyday life it is no different regardless of what is agreed upon.Laws are basic regulations that are agreed upon.Regulations that should be fully implemented by society.If the law states that social welfare is a condition for citizens to be able to live a decent life and be able to develop themselves, then this applies to all citizens, including people with disabilities.Knowledge about this is very necessary considering that the existence of people with disabilities is not given enough attention.This stems from public perception.Perception is a way of seeing or looking at something.Public perception can encourage or inhibit sympathy for people with disabilities.From perception, it influences a person's behavior and actions.
This research refers to previous research, the relevant research includes the following: research carried out by Vivik Andriani in research entitled strategies for developing deaf children in developing social interactions (Case study at SLB Negeri Sinjai Utara District, Sinjai Regency).In this research, it was found that the coaching strategy given by teachers to use language for the deaf in developing social interactions was using lip language and sign language (Andriani, 2016).From this explanation, the researcher felt interested in conducting research related to public perceptions of people with disabilities in Bongki District, Sinjai Regency.This location was chosen because it is the place where most people with disabilities in Sinjai district live.Apart from that, the research location is close to the SLB in Sinjai district, making it a very strategic location.The aim of this research is to determine the views and sympathy of the community in Bongki Village, North Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency towards people with disabilities.

LITERATURE REVIEW Disability
According to Frieda Mangunsong people with disabilities or disabilities are limited or lack of ability (resulting from impairment) to perform activities according to the rules or still at the individual level.Disability can also be interpreted as the inability to do something or reduced capacity to carry out activities/act in a certain way (Mangunsong, 2009).Categories of people with disabilities include: First, Autism is a developmental disorder that occurs in children who experience a condition of being closed off.This disorder causes children to experience limitations in terms of communication, social interaction and behavior.The term autism comes from the words autos which means 'self' and ism which means 'flow.Autism means an ideology that is interested only in its own world.Symptoms begin to appear in children before they reach three years of age.According to Hardiono, autistic disorder is characterized by three main symptoms, namely impaired social interaction, communication disorders, and stereotypic behavior (Silitonga et al., 2023).Of these three things, the most important thing to improve first is social interaction.As interactions improve, communication and behavioral disorders often improve automatically.Many parents expect their children to talk immediately.Without good interaction, the speech that comes out often takes the form of echolalia, repeating something he has heard.Communication is also not always synonymous with talking.Being able to communicate nonverbally is much better than speaking unintelligibly.Meanwhile, according to Mudjito, autism is a child who experiences communication and social interaction disorders and experiences sensory, playing and emotional disorders.The reason is because brain networks and functions are not synchronized.Some are progressing rapidly while others are just ordinary.Surveys show that children with autism are born to mothers from middle to upper economic backgrounds.When conceived, the mother's nutritional intake is not balanced.
Autism or what is called Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), until now the exact cause is not known.However, currently there are several appropriate steps for autistic sufferers to have the ability to socialize, behave and speak.Children who suffer from autism can actually be identified from an early age.Generally these symptoms appear before the child is three years old.It's just that most parents don't pay attention to the symptoms.Even though at that age, children are already immersed in their own world so they are unable to communicate and interact with friends and their environment.When the condition is slow to be discovered, the main step that must be taken is to focus the child's strengths in certain areas that he has mastered.Some experts say autism is multifactorial.Several researchers have revealed that there are biochemical disorders.Other experts argue that autism is caused by mental disorders.There are also those who believe that autism is caused by a combination of the wrong food or an environment contaminated with toxic substances which results in damage to the large intestine which then has an impact on behavior and physique, including autism.
Second, Cerebral Palsy (CP).Cerebral palsy according to the word commission on cerebral, palsy is a syndrome in the form of disturbances, especially in the motor system, body posture, muscle movements and other neurological symptoms, with or without mental retardation, which is caused by brain dysfunction before its development is complete.CP is not a disease, is not contagious, and is not progressive (it gets worse over time) unless it doesn't get the right treatment so complications occur.Cerebral palsy is a syndrome, namely the presence of disturbances in the motor system, body posture or other neurological symptoms with or without involving mental retardation caused by dysfunction.Cerebral parsy comes from the words cerebral which means brain and palsy which means motor disability or disturbance caused by dysfunction.brain.
There are six types of CP, namely spasticity, athetois, ataxia, tremor, regidity, and mixed type.However, this discussion is limited to the first type of CP (spastic).Children with spastic CP are children who experience abnormalities in the outer layer of the brain (especially the motor layer), the pyramidal area and several possible extra-pyramidal areas related to the control of conscious movements that do not function perfectly.With impaired motor function, as experienced by children with CP, the next series of difficulties can affect learning difficulties, especially learning Indonesian.
Thrsdly, Visually impaired (tunanetra) in the field of special education, children who experience visual impairment are called blind children.The use of this term does not only include those who are able to see but it is very limited and cannot be used for everyday life, especially in learning.Visual impairment applies to those who are blind, namely a person's inability to see or a nonfunctioning sense of sight.For example, he cannot see movement at a distance of less than one meter and his field of vision is no wider than 20 degrees.Fourth, Deaf.Deafness is a deficiency or loss of the ability to hear caused by damage to the function of some or all of the hearing aids or organs, whether using or without hearing aids.Deafness is a loss of hearing ability, either partially (hard of hearing) or completely (deaf).This causes a person's hearing ability to not function.

Empathy Theory
In this research, researchers used empathy theory.Where the theory of empathy comes from the word empatheia which means to feel.It was originally used by aesthetic theorists for the subjective experiences of others.Then in the 1920s an American psychologist, E. B. Tichener, first used the term motor mimicry to refer to empathy.Tichener's term states that empathy comes from physically imitating another person's burdens which then creates similar feelings in a person.
According to M Umar and Ahmadi Ali empathy is a tendency that a person feels to feel something that another person does if he is in another person's situation (Mauliawan et al., 2022), while Batson argues that empathy means positioning oneself in the other person's position.other.Although this is not easy, it is very necessary if someone has love for others and wants to understand and care for others.Departing from this understanding, a conclusion can be drawn that it takes time to get closer as something that can strengthen friendship and show a willingness to help others (Natasha & Ayuh, 2022).
The idea that empathy requires sharing emotions has a long history in psychology.An early theorist, William Mc Dougal, in 1908 proposed that during sympathy, the physical state of the first person is evoked in the physical state of the second person, after 80 years Leslie Brother proposed the opinion that understanding the same emotions to a certain degree, and in 1992 Robert Levenson and Anna Reuf, reporting heart rate slopes in partners having emotional discussions, suggests that this physiological similarity could be the basis of empathy (McAdams & Mayukha, 2023).In moments of empathy, both emotions and thoughts, individuals are prepared along the same path as other people.Hearing the screams of fear from another person, spontaneously thinking about what might be causing their fear from a cognitive perspective, the individual shares a mental "representation," a series of images, associations, and thoughts about the other person's distress (Masitoh et al., 2024).
The Ministry of Social Affairs is a government institution whose main function is to carry out social welfare development.Social welfare development is essentially a set of policies, programs and social service activities carried out through social rehabilitation, social protection and social empowerment approaches in order to improve the quality of life, independence and the fulfillment of basic community rights.The main targets for social welfare development are weak and disadvantaged groups known as People with Social Welfare Problems (PMKS) or Social Service Recipients (PKS) .The five social problems targeted by the Ministry of Social Affairs (Social Department) include poverty, neglect, disability, alienation and social impairment (Rohana et al., 2020).

METHODOLOGY
The type of research used in this research is qualitative research.Qualitative research is research aimed at describing and analyzing phenomena, events, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, perceptions and thoughts of people individually or in groups, which are descriptive, revealing and explanatory (Koentjaraningrat, 1991).The information that has been collected is related to social care for people with disabilities.In the construction process which includes; (1) collect facts, data or information from informants, (2) classify, describe or explain, illustrate and explore facts, data and information, (3) analyze using certain scientific techniques, and (4) provide interpretation towards facts, data and information (Ratna, 2016).The conclusions from this research lead to discovering the meaning behind phenomena, as well as discovering the principles of knowledge and new methods (Rahman et al., 2022).This research aims to obtain actual information about the description of community social care for children with disabilities in Bongki Village.In this research, the source of data obtained is primary data, namely data directly obtained from observations and information (Komara, 2014) from the community and government officials through interviews related to researchers in data collection.

Society's Views with Disability
No human being is born perfect, because Allah SWT created humans equipped with their own strengths and weaknesses.The same applies to people who have physical limitations.In life in society they are known as people with disabilities or currently better known as disabilities.Disabilities and Society's views are two things that are interrelated, but different.People have different views on the disabilities around them.Generally, society considers the existence of disabled people to be something that is troublesome.There are those who consider their existence to be a family disgrace, a source of trouble, or even a curse for a sin which in the end further pushes people with disabilities out of society.In subsequent developments, society's view of disabilities changed to something that they had to pity and help.This was because they were people who were considered less capable and needed help.Broadly speaking, society's attitudes and views towards people with disabilities can be divided into useless/useless, pitied, educated/trained, and equal rights.
In general, the views of the community in Bongki Village, North Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency towards people with disabilities are shown by three things, namely that the community in general states that the view of people with disabilities is stated in the cultural norms and values of sipakatau, sipakainge, and sipakalebbi (3S) (Nur et al., 2023) which are still clearly reflected in daily interactions.Sipakatau', this characteristic means that it must question humans to be like humans.This means that in social life we should view humans as fully human in any condition.In essence, we must respect each other's fellow human beings regardless of whether they are poor or rich or in any condition.Sipakainge', this characteristic gives us an understanding that values remind each other and we must understand that humans are not free from shortcomings.One thing that cannot be denied is that humans have flaws.Humans are not perfect, even though humans are His most perfect creation on this earth.Sipakalebbi, a trait that prohibits us from seeing humans with all their flaws, for example remembering people's good things and forgetting their bad things.Humans have an instinct that likes to be praised, so praising each other can liven up the atmosphere and strengthen ties.
The concept of the 3S philosophy, namely Sipakatau (mutual respect), Sipakainge (reminding each other) and Sipakalebbi' (respecting each other) (Jermias & Rahman, 2023), especially in the Bugis-Makassar community today is in an era of globalization which is full of the flow of information which is rapidly spreading to various levels of society, so that the culture of The outside world can change and shift people's mindsets and perspectives in acting, especially in the interaction process (Zubair et al., 2022).Society's view of people with disabilities is also divided into two models, namely the individual model and the social model.The individual model assumes that the disability experienced by a person is considered the problem.Meanwhile, the social model assumes that the problem does not lie in the disability experienced by a person, but in the negative way society views people with disabilities that causes problems.It is important to remember that the existence of people with disabilities must exist in a country.
According to WHO as the world health organization, the number of people with disabilities in a country is at least 10% of the total population of a country (Addlakha, 2022).

Social Concern for Disability
Community Sympathy, especially the community in Bongki Village, North Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency, always provides support for people with disabilities.One way of showing this support is social support as the presence of people who personally provide advice, motivate, direct, encourage and show a way out when experiencing problems and when experiencing obstacles in carrying out activities in a directed manner to achieve goals.Social support is an interpersonal transaction that is demonstrated by providing assistance to other individuals and the assistance is obtained from people who are significant to the individual involved.
The various supports that individuals receive from family, friends and other people are related to the individual's level of well-being.Mandiri has an optimistic attitude and is able to recognize his potential and shortcomings.People with disabilities who have experienced accidents or congenital problems from the start remain optimistic and individuals are able to recognize their potential and shortcomings.One of the individuals at the independent disabled people's foundation who was the victim of an accident experienced helplessness, namely a condition where an individual or group feels a lack of personal control over a particular event or situation which influences their outlook, resulting in them wanting to end their life.
Social support is very important to reduce the anxiety faced by individuals.The availability of social support will make individuals feel loved, appreciated and part of a group.The positive impact for individuals who have social support is that individuals have good self-confidence, feel accepted, feel loved, feel cared for, and feel recognized when given.Undang-Undang No.19 of 2011 concerning the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) regulates various rights that must be fulfilled by state parties (Sihombing, 2022).These rights include the right to life, protection in situations of risk and emergency, equal recognition before the law, the right to freedom and security, freedom from pain and cruel treatment, freedom from exploitation, violence and harassment, respect for privacy, freedom to live independently, the right to personal mobility, access to information, respect for having a home and family, participation in public and political life, freedom of expression, as well as other economic, social and cultural rights such as the right to education, health, rehabilitation and habilitation and the right to work.Constitutionally, the law guarantees that people with disabilities or those who have physical, mental, intellectual or sensory disabilities have the right to fulfill the right of accessibility.This law is very important in order to guarantee the independence and participation of people with disabilities in all aspects of life.
In early 2016, Indonesia passed the Law on Persons with Disabilities.One of the fundamental changes is the change in the term from 'people with disabilities' to 'people with disabilities' (Nurdin, 2022).The use of this new term is felt to be more appropriate because it changes the perspective where previously people with disabilities referred to medical damage, while disability was a view of barriers to social participation due to physical, mental limitations or unaccommodating environmental factors.Disability is a natural part of existing human diversity.So it is natural to receive equal recognition and respect, not to be pitied and discriminated against.Apart from the two terms above, there is a third term, namely disability.Through law no.8 of 2016 guarantees the protection and fulfillment of the rights of persons with disabilities in Indonesia starting a new era (Suwandoko & Rihardi, 2020).Not only the guarantees in the 1945 Constitution and Law no. 8 of 2016, Article 5 paragraph (3) of Law no.39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights has mandated that every person belonging to a vulnerable community group has the right to receive treatment and protection that is more relevant to their specific characteristics (Yuliartini et al., 2023).Moreover, Indonesia has also ratified the convention regarding the rights of persons with disabilities (Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities/CRPD)3 where the convention recognizes that persons with disabilities are rights holders and it is the state's obligation to take positive steps to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities (Nurmala & Akili, 2022).Therefore, in relation to justice, we need to push together for a justice system that can be accessed and enjoyed by everyone without distinguishing certain conditions (inclusion) and of course can accommodate the needs of people with disabilities both in terms of facilities and infrastructure, legal procedures, obstacles.Resources and paradigms for Law Enforcement Officials so that people with disabilities can avoid obstacles and discrimination when dealing with the law (Riwanto et al., 2023).

CONCLUSIONS
The views of the community in Bongki Village, North Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency towards people with disabilities based on the cultural norms and values of sipakatau (mutual respect), sipakainge (reminding each other) and sipakalebbi' (respecting each other).Sipakatau (respect for each other) is a characteristic that means we have to question humans to be like humans.Community sympathy in Bongki Village, North Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency towards people with disabilities, which is based on the norm of mutual respect for others created by the Almighty God.