Comparative Analysis of Reinforcement Efficiency in Beams and Columns for the North Minahasa-North Sulawesi Civil Servants Flats Project

This study aims to (1) compare the reinforcement from the calculation of beams and columns with the reinforcement installed in the North Minahasa Civil servantsFlats Project, (2) to analyze whether the reinforcement installed in the North Minahasa Civil servantsFlats Project is economical or not. This research was conducted in the Department of Engineering at the Manado State Polytechnic. The method used in this research is quantitative with the method of observation. The material and structural data used are the same as those in the project. The results of this study were carried out with the help of the Etabsv20 program. Based on the results of the reinforcement calculations that have been carried out, the comparison of the area of reinforcement (AS) for columns and beams between the results of ETABS and the results of the area of reinforcement installed in the project is obtained which is then converted in percentage form. In the beam, the largest percentage ratio is in the upper support area by 60% and in the plane located in the lower plane by 60%. While in the comparison


INTRODUCTION
The construction of Civil servantsFlats is currently being intensified by the government, specifically by the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) through the Directorate General of Housing Provision to increase the availability of decent housing.The limitation of land makes it difficult for Civil servantsto find suitable living spaces, and the increasing population each year drives up the cost of housing for Civil Servants.Consequently, the Civil servantsFlats were built by the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing.In this construction process, proper planning and application methods are necessary to achieve the planned design.In Indonesia, regulations regarding Flats are governed by Law Number 11 of 2011, and for Flats Management, there are provisions in PP 13 of 2021.
Structural planning is a crucial element in constructing a building to ensure it is sturdy, safe, and economical.Overall, the structure of a building consists of two parts: 1) Upper Structure: Includes floors, beams, columns, shear walls (structural walls), and roofs, 1) Lower Structure: Comprises the foundation (Liando, 2020).The selection of a high-rise building structural system is not only based on understanding the structure in its context, but rather on functional factors, related to cultural, social, economic and technological needs.In a structural system, the structural elements have a mechanism for distributing loads from above to the ground (foundation system) (Rusalim et al., 2024).
To support user safety in buildings, structural elements must be precisely planned.Inadequate planning can lead to building failures.When constructing a building, an assessment of construction feasibility must be conducted.Building feasibility is reviewed from a security perspective, meaning that planning must create a building structure that guarantees strength while also considering cost and economic factors (Hutabarat et al., 2015).In designing multi-storey building structures, there are main principles that must be considered, namely increasing the strength of the structure against lateral forces by analyzing and designing reinforced concrete structures.(Anggraini et al., 2024)

LITERATURE REVIEW
The structure of columns and beams forms the framework of a building.Therefore, it is crucial to consider all factors that can affect their safety, including issues related to reinforcement in columns and beams (Nabilah & Zev Aljauhari, 2022).Proper and economical reinforcement must be carefully planned to prevent wastage.

METHODOLOGY
The building structure selected as the research subject is located in the North Minahasa Civil servantsFlats Development Project.The construction site of these flats is situated in Suwaan Village, Kalawat District, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi.The research period was from The research method used is a type of quantitative research method with direct observation methods from references and books.In general, to calculate a job, primary data is needed directly from the project and secondary data from related agencies such as work drawings and also project specification data.
The steps in this research can be seen as shown in the image below: • Right click on etabs select edit grid data, then enter the building grid data that will be used.• Input the data grid in the x-x direction (X Grid Data) and the data grid in the y-y direction (Y Grid Data) according to the work drawing to make it easier to depict structural elements later.

Analysis Result
Based on results analysis carried out with help Etabs v20 software resulting reinforcement output For columns and beams Then compared to with reinforcement contained in the project North Minahasa civil servants flats Can concluded comparison percentage largest in the area focus on by 60% and in the field located in the field lower by 60%.Axles installed obtained from calculation amount installed reinforcement from project and from results ETABS calculations using formula : =ℎ  × 1 4 × 3,14 × ( 2 ) Next, do it calculation reinforcement economical For beam from the etabs output results obtained.Based on Table 7 is known more reinforcement Economical on beams and more reinforcement economical that will be it used.For election reinforcement economical on the BIY1 beam is selected reinforcement with diameter D22, beam BAX1 children use D16, BAY1 and B2Y1 blocks use D19.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMENDATION
1. Based on results calculation existing reinforcement done obtained comparison wide reinforcement (AS) of columns and beams between ETABS results with results wide reinforcement installed in later projects converted in form percentage. On the beam comparison percentage largest in the area focus on by 60% and in the field located in the field lower by 60%.Meanwhile in column comparison percentage wide reinforcement (AS) column from project with results ETABS biggest namely 40%.2. Based on from results calculations that have been made done For calculation reinforcement economical so obtained that calculated reinforcement from ETABS the result more economical compared to with from project.

FURTHER STUDY
This research still has related limitations, so further research needs to be carried out on the topic Comparative Analysis of Reinforcement Efficiency in Beams and Columns in order to perfect this research and increase insight for readers.

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. Data System Grid Filling

Table 3 . Type structure Type structure Ct
x System frame bearer moment in which the frame bear 100% of the force what seismic is required and what is not covered or connected with more components stiff and will prevent frame from deflection If charged style seismic :• Moment resisting steel frame • Moment resisting concrete frame

Table 4 .
Performance Analysis Limit Service X (∆s)

Table 5 .
Performance Analysis Limit Service Y (∆s)

Table 6 .
Comparison of the Area of Internal Column Reinforcement Form Percentage