Criminological Views Against Abuse Narcotics by Child

The causes of children abusing narcotics in terms of criminology. This writing uses empirical research methods with a case approach, this approach researchers will get information from various aspects of the actual issue. Factors that cause narcotics abuse by children are influenced by various factors including personal factors, family factors, environmental factors, certain group or organizational factors, economic factors, and vulnerable population factors. Efforts that can be made in overcoming narcotics abuse by children are divided into two, namely preventive or repressive efforts or prosecution. Preventive efforts are efforts made with preventive activities carried out by the authorities in this case the police in order to minimize the occurrence of Narcotics Abuse by children

The causes of children abusing narcotics in terms of criminology. This writing uses empirical research methods with a case approach, this approach researchers will get information from various aspects of the actual issue. Factors that cause narcotics abuse by children are influenced by various factors including personal factors, family factors, environmental factors, certain group or organizational factors, economic factors, and vulnerable population factors. Efforts that can be made in overcoming narcotics abuse by children are divided into two, namely preventive or repressive efforts or prosecution. Preventive efforts are efforts made with preventive activities carried out by the authorities in this case the police in order to minimize the occurrence of Narcotics Abuse by children INTRODUCTION 173 received many decisions judge. Thus, law enforcement is expected to be able to become deterrent against the spread of trade darkness and circulation narcotics, But in in fact precisely the more intensive enforced law, the more increase also circulation as well as trading dark narcotics the.
However thereby Which more ironically is at recent days children who become perpetrators of drug abuse are children below age, which should be able to become the next generation of the nation and become hope for person old so that can achievement in field Which positive However on in fact Lots very children under age Which consume goods unclean the. Matter That happen Because minimal supervision person old to his son so that child become No controlled association, it is very inversely because people parents who should provide values, norms of behavior towards children with Good as early as Possible. Factor environment Also very influential to child Which abuse narcotics even in In the daily life of narcotics trafficking, this is done openly make baby will more familiar with narcotics, the nature of children who want Tofu will cause curiosity so that children consume it narcotics the supported by elements No responsible answer who give lures to children who want to taste narcotics in a manner free without think about effect in the future And How danger narcotics which should not be consumed without a procedure, that is make children become addicted so they continue to consume the narcotics. The nature of children who are still unstable and far from maturity feel proud If himself consume narcotics so that will tell it to friends his age, starting from that then narcotics will expand on its own although apparatus Law enforcers have given maximum sanctions to dealers and users but in real life it doesn't make a business narcotics have receded but are instead entrenched among young people old, as if the law that governs is not cared for by them and tend to be indifferent to sanctions or the dangers of abuse narcotics the.

Formula Problem
Based on background behind problem the so Which become problem in i this is: 1. Is Reasons Child Abuse Narcotics ? What are the efforts to deal with children who use narcotics ?

Understanding Criminology
Criminology is a new science developed in abab to 19, together with development sociology. Birth criminology in push by Genre positivism. However the elements Criminology was introduced by ancient Greek philosophers namely Plato (427-347 BC) in his book Republic , which among other things states that gold, Humans are a source of crimen . Aristotle (384 -322 BC) stated that property gives rise to crime and rebellion . The birth of criminology as a science, driven by criminal law both material and formal as well as system judgment Which Already No effective Again For prevent and eradicate crime, even crime is increasing in various aspects of life.
As something field knowledge alone, criminology own the object of his own study, both material and formal objects. The difference between knowledge one with another is position the formal object. There isn't any something knowledge Which own object formal the same one, because if the object The same, so that science is The same.

Edwin Sutherlend Suggests that :
In studying criminology requires the help of various disciplines Science. In other words, criminology is a scientific discipline which is interdisciplinary. Sutherlend stated criminology is a body ofknowledge (criminology is a collection of knowledge). Various disciplines closely related to criminology, including criminal law, physical anthropology, cultural anthropology, psychology, biology, economics, chemistry, statistics, and many other disciplines that cannot be mentioned in This writing. George C. Vold, Stated that : In learn criminology there is problem double, It means criminology always show on deed man Also limitation-limitations or views on human actions and also limitations or views on society about what is allowed and what is not forbidden, what is good and what is bad, all of which exist in Constitution habits and customs.

Soejono Dirjosisworo Express Understanding Criminology as Following:
In terms of etymology, the term criminology consists of 2 syllables namely " crime" ( crime) And " Logos " ( knowledge knowledge). So according to view etymology, so term criminology means something knowledge knowledge Which learn all something about crime And crime Which he did.

Michael and Adler Argue that :
Criminology is the whole description of the act and the nature of the criminals, their surroundings, and their official ways treated by institutions publisher public And by critical member public.

Soedjono Dirjosisworo Provide Definitions Criminology is :
Knowledge that studies cause and effect, repair as well as prevention crime as symptom humanwith collect donations various knowledge knowledge in a manner more wide Again. According to Sutherland Suggested that: Criminology as discipline knowledge is something unity knowledge scientific about crime as symptom social, with objective For obtain knowledge And understanding about problem crime, with use methods scientific in learn And analyze patterns And factors causality Which related with crime and criminals, as well as social sanctions against both.
Criminology is an empirical science for part connected with norm law Which learn crime and formal and informal processes of criminality and discrimination, situation crime-criminal-society, reasons And connection because-causes of crime and official and unofficial reactions and responses against crime, criminals and society by parties outside the criminals Alone.
According to Bonger, give definition criminology as knowledge knowledge Which aim investigate symptoms crime wide. Based on this brief description, a thinking, that criminology is field knowledge Which Enough important studied. With exists criminology, can be done as control social to policy And implementation criminal law.
emergence of institutions-criminology institutes in several universities tall very expected can provide contributions and ideas used to develop criminology as science for welfare of society . Topo Santoso and Eva Achjani, Argued that : The object of criminology study has the scope of crime, perpetrators And reaction public to crime the. Criminology in a manner Specific learn crime from all corner view However more special crime Which arranged in Constitution. Perpetrator crime discussed from facet Why somebody do crime (motive) And category of offender (type of crime). Then criminology also studied public reaction to crime as one of the policy efforts prevention and eradicating crime.
According to Wolfrang Savitz And Johnston, that, criminology is a collection of knowledge about crime that aims to acquire knowledge and understanding of the symptoms of crime by road learn And analyze scientifically descriptions, patterns, And factors causal which are related with crime, perpetrator crime and societal reactions. Paul Moedigdo Moeliono give definition criminology pure Which covers : According to Sutherland, criminology is knowledge knowledge about crimes and criminals. The scope of criminology is divided into three parts that is : a. Sociology of law (sociology of law), looking for scientific analysis conditions happening or formation law; b. Criminal etiology , looking for an analysis of the causes rather than crime; And c. Penology , knowledge knowledge about happening or development punishment, It means And the benefits relate with " control of crime ". 2. Object Criminology Thus it can be briefly described, that object criminology is: a. Crime.
Talking about crime, then something we can catch in a manner spontaneous is action Which harm person other or society general, or more simple Again crime is something deed Which contrary with norm. Like is limitation crime according to criminology. Lots para expert define crime from all angles. Understanding crime from various angles. The definition of crime is a relative meaning, a a connotation that depends on relative values, a connotation Which depends on values And scale social. Crime Which meant here is crime in meaning violation to criminal law. This is where the development of criminology and as one of the triggers in the development of criminology. Why However, it should be noted that crime is broadly defined, and the form of crime is not the same according to place and time. Criminology demanded as Wrong One field knowledge Which Can give donation thinking to policy law criminal. With study of crimes and types that have been qualified, expected criminology can learn also level awareness law society against the crimes listed in the law law criminal. b. Perpetrator.
It is very simple to know the second object of criminology This. After learn his crime, so really appropriate if perpetrator crime the Also studied. Will but, simplicity the thinking is not like that, which can be qualified as perpetrator crime For can categorized as as perpetrator is they Which has set as violator law by court. object study criminology about perpetrator is about those who have committed a crime, and by that research expected can measure level awareness public to the applicable law with its estuary is the criminal law policy new. c. Reaction public to deed violate law And perpetrator.
It is not wrong, that in the end it is society determine what behavior is unacceptable and need to be penalized. So in this case-desire And hopes public here it is Which need get attention from studies criminology.
According to Noac, crimonology is the knowledge of forms symptoms, because And consequence from crime And Act in demand despicable. Criminology is also a legal understanding that is human actions Which can convicted by law criminal. But Criminology is not merely limited by law meaning there are certain actions that are seen by society as evil, but the law does not declare it a crime, or not declared as a crime, and vice versa. In law criminal, offense law specifically follow criminal in differentiate become crime book II

Book Constitution Law Criminal (KUHP) And offense Constitution Which form violation (Book III Criminal Code).
Based on opinion para expert on, writer can see the insertion of the word criminology as a science -investigating -studying. In addition, what is of concern to the formulation of criminology is regarding the notion of crime. So criminology aims to study crime in a manner complete, Because criminology learn crime, then it is appropriate to study things related to the crime (Etiology, social reaction). Criminal with crime No separable, only can distinguished.
With more details about criminology, the author will decipher understanding about crime. kindly formal crime can formulated as something deed Which by country given criminal ( Misdaad is een arnstige anti sociale handeling, seaw tegen de staat bewust reageer). Therefore in science, criminology enters and in the social science group. In reality, crime is not only related to criminal law, but also good relations with the norms prevailing in society. There is public Which apply legal norms And There is public Which apply norms customs that have been determined by grandma his ancestors.

METHOD
Method research is something method For obtain order data can fulfil or approach truth with road learn, analyze and understand circumstances environment in place carried out a study. To solve the above problems, the research is done includes Type study social (Empirical) that is researching drug abuse by children.

RESEARCH RESULT
Franks. P. William III and Mchane too classify various theory criminology become 3 (Three) part Again that is : a. Theory classic and theory positivist basically, Theory classic the discuss legal statutes, government structure And right basic man (HAM). Theory Positivists focus on criminal pathology, prevention and repair individual criminal behavior. b. Theory structural and theory process theory structural focused to method public organized and impact from Act in demand. Theory structural Also common called strain theories Because, "their assumption that a disorganized science creates strain which leads to deviant behavior" . strictly speaking, the basic assumption is that society create tension And can lead deviation on behavior, and analyze how people become criminal. c. Theory consensus, theory consensus use assumption base that in society there is a consensus / agreement so that the values mark is for then agreed together.
There is a number of classification theory in criminology between otherI: 1. Theory Association Differential ( Different Association Theory ) Sutherland hypothesize that behavior criminal That studied through associations made with those who violate the norms society including legal norms. The learning process includes no only the techniques of the actual crime, but also the motives, drives, attitudes and rationalization which is convenient which is satisfying for did the deed-anti-social behavior.
Sutherland's differential association theory of crime confirms this that : Behavior criminal as well as behavior others, studied.
a. Behavior criminal studied in connection interaction with person another through a communication process. b. An important part of studying criminal behavior occurs within intimate association with those who commit crimes, that is means in a direct relationship in the middle association. c. Learn behavior criminal, including inside it technique do crime And motivation/ encouragement or reason justification. d. This certain urge is learned through appreciation of the rules legislation; like or dislike. e. Somebody become deliquent Because his understanding to regulation legislation more Like violate than obey. f. These differential associations vary depending on the frequency, duration, priority and intensity. g. Process learn behavior criminal through association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involve all of the mechanisms involved apply in every learning process. h. Though behavior criminal is reflection from public needs and values, but criminal behavior the No can explained through need general And mark earlier, by Because behavior non criminal even is reflection out of need general and values Which The same.

Theory Tense ( Strains Theory )
This theory assumes that humans are basically creatures that always rape law or violate law, norms And regulation-regulations after the disconnect between goals and means of achieving them becomes so large that it seems to him the only way to achieve this goal is through illegal channels. As a result, the "firm" theory views humans with their rays or light are optimistic. In other words, that human basically good, because it is social conditions that create pressure or stress, tension and end crime.

Theory Control Social ( Social Control Theory )
The foundation of this theory is not to see individuals as people who are intrinsically obedient to the law, but adhere to viewpoints the antithesis in which people must learn not to commit crimes. Remembering that we are all born with a natural tendency to breaking the rules in society, delinquency in view by para theorist control social as consequence logical failure somebody For develop prohibitions to in to behavior breaking the law.
There are four key elements in social control theory regarding behavior criminal according to Hirsch (1969), Which covers : a. Love Darling This affection includes the strength of an existing bond between the individual and primary channels of socialization, such as parents, teachers and community leaders. As a result, it is a measure of the degree to which people obey the law Act as a source strength positive for individuals. b. Commitment In relation to this commitment, we look at investment in a conventional setting and consideration for goals For day front Which contrary with style life delinquency. c. Involvement Involvement, Which is size trend somebody For participate in activities conventional direct individual to success Which valued public. d. Trust Finally, belief requires acceptance of validity moral norms social as well as reflect strength attitude one's conventional. These four elements are very influential bond social between a individual with environment the people.

Theory Labels ( Labeling Theory )
The basis of thinking from this theory is interpreted from the point of view of giving the norm, namely that the main cause of evil can be found in gifts names or labeling by the community to identify members certain members of society. (Gibbs and Erickson, 1975;Plummer 1979;Schur 1971).
There are many ways in which labeling can define boundaries together with behavior criminal has made theory, for example that gift label give influence through development imagination Alone Which negative. According to theory label This so stamp or brand Which attached by ruler social to inhabitant public certain past rules and laws actually have long consequences, namely those that are stamped it will behave like a stamp that attached. so attitude stamp person with evil predicate is criminogen.

Theory Psychoanalytic ( Psycho Analytic Theory )
According to Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, he said little about criminals. This is because Freud's attention is only directed on neurosis and non-conscious factors belonging to the more general structure of the types of disorder or disease like This. Like Which stated by Alexander And Staub (1931), crime is part characteristic man. With thereby, from facet view psychoanalytic, difference primary between criminal And No criminal is that non criminal This has Study control And smoothing impulses and feelings its anti-social.

Understanding Abuse
Term "abuse" originate from say base "Wrong To use" Which It means do something No as should. In the large Indonesian dictionary, abuse defined as follows: "Process, method, deed abuse" Meanwhile Salim and Salim formulates "Abuse is process, method, deed deviate For do something Which No duly or use something not as should" 2. Understanding Abuse Narcotics Article 1 paragraph (15) of Law Number 35 of 2009 about Narcotics No give explanation Which clear about term abuse the. Only term abusers are people who use narcotics without rights or oppose law. Abuse narcotics And abuse drug (Drugs abuse) can also meant to use drug or narcotics No For objective treatment, whereas function drug narcotics is For helps healing and as a therapeutic drug. When people Which No Sick use narcotics, so He will feel all things Which abnormal smell.

Understanding Narcotics
Kindly general Which meant with narcotics is kind substance Which when used (Inserted in body) will have an effect on the wearer's body. Influence the in the form of: a. Influence awareness b. Give encouragement Which can influential to behavior man c. As for influences the can form, sedative, stimulant (No stimulation sex) And raises hallucinations. Say narcotics ( Narcotics ) originate from Language Greece ie " narke " Which means sedated or No feel What-what.by general narcotics can defined as material or substance Which can function as drug or Which can influence awareness, Which when abused can damage physique (Like addicted) And mentally (Disappearance awareness, Act in demand, encouragement/ desire) si user.