Reform of Health Protection Personnel in Armed Criminal Group Areas

Friedrich Max  Rumintjap; Ahyar Wahyudi

doi:10.55927/fjst.v2i9.6250

Authors

Friedrich Max Rumintjap Lembaga Akreditasi Fasilitas Kesehatan Indonesia (LAFKI)
Ahyar Wahyudi Lembaga Akreditasi Fasilitas Kesehatan Indonesia (LAFKI)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v2i9.6250

Keywords:

Reform, Health Personnel, Criminal Group

Abstract

In the context of reforming the protection of health workers in terrorist areas, this conclusion reinforces the fact that protection of health workers is a necessity that cannot be ignored. Health is a human right, and health workers are an important pillar in providing access to the health services needed by communities, including those living in terrorist areas. The threats to health workers in these conflict situations are real and significant. They are at high risk of being targeted by attacks, kidnappings, or other threats, which could hinder much-needed health services for civilians. Strong protection for health workers must be a top priority. This is not only the responsibility of the government, but also the international community and humanitarian organizations. In implementing this reform, measures such as strengthening security in health facilities, better training for health workers in dealing with risky situations, as well as close cooperation with relevant parties are important steps.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ataullahjan, A., Gaffey, M.F., Tounkara, M. et al. C’est vraiment compliqué: a case study on the delivery of maternal and child health and nutrition interventions in the conflict-affected regions of Mali. Confl Health 14, 36 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-020-0253-6

Brown, A., & Jones, R. (2018). The Impact of Threats to Healthcare Workers on Healthcare Services: A Public Health Perspective. International Journal of Public Health Management, 4(1), 32-47.

Brown, A., & Jones, R. (2018). The Ripple Effect: How Threats to Healthcare Services in Conflict Zones Affect Wider Communities. International Journal of Health Crisis Management, 6(2), 78-93.

Buzan, B. (Tahun). Health Security as a Component of Human Security: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Security Studies Quarterly, 25(4), 412-428.

Cabrera SL, Beaton RD, Berryman P, Lukes E. The Role of Occupational Health Nurses in Terrorist Attacks Employing Radiological Dispersal Devices. AAOHN Journal. 2009;57(3):112-121. doi:10.1177/216507990905700306

Chung, S., & Shannon, M. (2005). Hospital planning for acts of terrorism and other public health emergencies involving children. Archives of disease in childhood, 90(12), 1300–1307. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2004.069617https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles

/PMC1720234/pdf/v090p01300.pdf

Claire L. Park, Gareth R. Grier (2022). Provision of pre-hospital medical care for terrorist attacks, British Journal of Anaesthesia, Volume 128, Issue 2, 2022, Pages e85-e89,ISSN 0007-0912,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2021.10.023. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091221006930)

De Cauwer, H., Somville, F., Sabbe, M., & Mortelmans, L. J. (2017). Hospitals: Soft Target for Terrorism?. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 32(1), 94–100. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X16001217

Disaster Preparedness Advisory Council (2016). Medical Countermeasures for Children in Public Health Emergencies, Disasters, or Terrorism. Pediatrics, 137(2), e20154273. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-4273

Galtung, J. (Tahun). Conflict Theory and Its Role in Healthcare Protection Strategies. International Journal of Conflict Resolution, 15(2), 124-137.

Haar, R.J., Read, R., Fast, L. et al. Violence against healthcare in conflict: a systematic review of the literature and agenda for future research. Confl Health 15, 37 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-021-00372-7

János Besenyő & Ryan Shaffer (2023) Terrorism against healthcare facilities and workers in Africa: An assessment of attack modes, targets and locations, African Security Review, 32:3, 311-331, DOI: 10.1080/10246029.2023.2213220

Klemic, G. A., Bailey, P. D., Miller, K. M., & Monetti, M. A. (2006). External dosimetry in the aftermath of a radiological terrorist event. Radiation protection dosimetry, 120(1-4), 242–249. https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/nci513

Lioy P. J. (2011). Exposure science for terrorist attacks and theaters of military conflict: minimizing contact with toxicants. Military medicine, 176(7 Suppl), 71–76. https://doi.org/10.7205/milmed-d-11-00080

May, T., & Aulisio, M. P. (2006). Access to hospitals in the wake of terrorism: challenges and needs for maintaining public confidence. Disaster management & response : DMR : an official publication of the Emergency Nurses Association, 4(3), 67–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dmr.2006.06.002

Mohammed, R., Neuner, F. Putative juvenile terrorists: the relationship between multiple traumatization, mental health, and expectations for reintegration among Islamic State recruited adolescent and young adult fighters. Confl Health 16, 58 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-022-00489-3

Nadjafi, M., & Hamzeh Pour, S. (2017). Knowledge and Attitude of Iranian Red Crescent Society Volunteers in Dealing with Chemical Attacks. Bulletin of emergency and trauma, 5(2), 122–128.

Nussbaum, M. (Tahun). The Ethics of Healthcare Protection in Conflict Zones. Journal of Human Rights and Healthcare, 10(3), 215-228.

Offosse, MJ., Avoka, C., Yameogo, P. et al. Effectiveness of the Gratuité user fee exemption policy on utilization and outcomes of maternal, newborn and child health services in conflict-affected districts of Burkina Faso from 2013 to 2018: a pre-post analysis. Confl Health 17, 33 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-023-00530-z

Ramos Jaraba, S.M., Quiceno Toro, N., Ochoa Sierra, M. et al. Health in conflict and post-conflict settings: reproductive, maternal and child health in Colombia. Confl Health 14, 33 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-020-00273-1

Rodriguez, M. (Tahun). The Ethical Imperative of Protecting Healthcare Personnel in Conflict Zones. Journal of Humanitarian Ethics, 12(2), 189-203.

Ropeik D. (2018). Critical Areas for Improvement in Communications Regarding Radiological Terrorism. Health physics, 114(2), 214–217. https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000000764

Singh M. (2017). Intolerance and Violence Against Doctors. Indian journal of pediatrics, 84(10), 768–773. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-017-2435-9

Smith, J. (2016). Psychological Impact of Ongoing Threats on Healthcare Professionals: Implications for Mental and Physical Well-being. Journal of Traumatic Stress in Healthcare Settings, 8(2), 89-104.

Smith, J. (2017). Disruption of Healthcare Services in Terrorist-Affected Areas: An Analysis of Implications for Public Health. Journal of Crisis Medicine, 10(4), 211-226.

Smith, J. (2017). Threats to Healthcare Workers in Terrorist Areas: An Analysis of Risks and Implications. Journal of Health Security, 12(3), 45-58.

Smith, J. (Tahun). Protecting Healthcare Workers in High-Risk Areas: A Global Security Perspective. Journal of Global Health Security, 5(1), 36-51.

Smith, J., & Johnson, M. (2019). Healthcare Service Availability in Conflict-Affected Regions: Assessing the Consequences of Threats to Healthcare Workers. Journal of Global Health Security, 5(1), 112-125.

Somer E, Buchbinder E, Peled-Avram M, Ben-Yizhack Y. (2004). The Stress and Coping of Israeli Emergency Room Social Workers Following Terrorist Attacks. Qualitative Health Research. 2004;14(8):1077-1093. doi:10.1177/1049732304267774