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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">IJBA</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Indonesian Journal of Business Analytics</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2808-0718</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Formosa Publisher</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55927/ijba.v5i3.14610</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Social Media and Planned Behaviour: Impact on TikTok Purchase Intentions</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Patricy</surname>
            <given-names>Aklin Nindya</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Universitas Telkom</aff>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name>
            <surname>Dewi</surname>
            <given-names>Citra Kusuma</given-names>
          </name>
          <aff>Universitas Telkom</aff>
          <email>citrakusumadewi@telkomuniversity.ac.id</email>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>20</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <volume>5</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>2525</fpage>
      <lpage>2542</lpage>
      <abstract>
        <p>Social media nowadays significantly affects consumer buying habits, especially in the beauty sector. As a developing social commerce network, TikTok presents chances for companies like Wardah to increase sales and visibility. In order to impact online purchase intention using the Theory of Planned Behavior, this emphasizes the necessity of planned social media marketing that incorporates influencer credibility, platform utilization, and marketing content. Users of TikTok in Indonesia who had seen advertisements for Wardah participated in a quantitative survey. Partial least squares (PLS) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to examine the data. The findings show that purchase intention is positively impacted by marketing on social media, highlighting the significance of user interaction, reliable influencers, and focused tactics for Wardah's TikTok expansion.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Social Media Influencer Credibility</kwd>
        <kwd>Social Media Usage</kwd>
        <kwd>Social Media Marketing</kwd>
        <kwd>Theory Of Planned Behaviour</kwd>
        <kwd>Online Purchase Intention</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <permissions>
        <license>
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
 <sec>
  <title>INTRODUCTION</title>
  <disp-quote>
    <p>In the fast-paced era of the 21st century, the whole
    world-including Indonesia-must adapt to the digital age, where
    access to information is facilitated by digital devices such as the
    internet. The internet is dedicated to collecting and providing
    content to convey culturally specific types of knowledge, beliefs
    and customs (Álvarez-Valdivia &amp; López-Benavides, 2010). As
    TikTok develops into one of the leading social commerce apps, the
    platform has opened up new opportunities for brands to reach
    consumers in a more personalized and interactive way. Users are not
    only entertained by creative content, but can also directly purchase
    products through e-commerce features provided by TikTok. One
    industry that greatly benefits from this phenomenon is the beauty
    industry. Wardah is an Indonesian beauty brand with a halal label
    founded by Nurhayati Subakat in 1985. Wardah focuses on
    halal-certified beauty products so that all Muslim women can wear
    cosmetics without worry because Wardah produces products that do not
    contain harmful ingredients and are halal certified. in research
    conducted by Madiawati &amp; Pradana (2016), products that have
    halal certificates can affect the level of consumer buying interest,
    because halal certificates can strengthen consumer confidence in the
    products offered considering that the majority of Indonesian society
    is Muslim.</p>
    <p>Beauty brands such as Wardah have utilized their presence on
    TikTok to build brand awareness and drive purchase intention through
    product reviews, beauty tutorials, and exclusive offers In 2024,
    sales of Wardah products ranked 3rd in Indonesian e-commerce based
    on data from compas.co.id in 2024. Although the Wardah brand was
    founded in 1995, its popularity, as seen from the number of
    followers on TikTok, is still below the Somethinc brand, which was
    only founded in 2019. According to Dias et al. (2021), brands with a
    large number of followers show higher purchase intentions among
    consumers, which indicates that the number of followers can affect
    perceived brand value. This study claims that social media marketing
    include customer contact on social media, the legitimacy of
    influencers endorsing companies and goods, and social media
    marketing via live shopping and beauty product videos. According to
    Ajzen (1991), three components—attitude, subjective norms, and
    perceived behavioral control—that can explain a person's goal,
    according to the theory of planned behavior.</p>
    <p>According to study investigations by A. Khan et al. (2024),
    women's intentions to purchase beauty items online are positively
    and significantly impacted by consumer mindset. According to Ajzen
    (1991), perceived behavioral control is the ability or confidence to
    do something, and most consumers will purchase a brand because they
    enjoy it. A person's intention to act rises in tandem with their
    level of competence.. A person is more likely to buy halal-labeled
    cosmetics if he believes that he has the ability to do so. The
    societal pressures people experience to perform or refrain from
    performing a particular action are known as subjective norms (Ajzen,
    1991). To put it another way, subjective norms are a person's
    opinion of what other people think such as family, friends or
    coworkers whether they will approve of this behavior. When a person
    sees an action positively and feels that others want them to do it,
    they will do it. Prasetio</p>
    <p>et al. (2022) state that consumers always do an information
    search stage pertaining to items or services that are available
    online before purchasing a product or using a service. Numerous
    things might affect this attitude. According to A. Khan et al.
    (2024), customer attitude can be impacted by social media usage and
    the dependability of social media influencers. According to research
    by Anggrenita &amp; Sander (2022) customer attitudes, namely
    perceptions and attitudes toward brands, mediate the relationship
    between purchase intention and social media marketing. Nurazizah et
    al. (2022) found that social media marketing has been effective in
    fostering a positive consumer perception, which has increased the
    promotion of hedonistic shopping behavior. Wardah uses hashtags,
    user- generated content, and challenges on TikTok to interact with
    customers.</p>
    <p>As a result, there is now a strong and profitable connection made
    between Wardah and things like trends, beauty, and community, all of
    which can help improve the relationship between the product brand
    and its consumers. So that based on data from iprice.co.id in 2024,
    the Wardah brand is ranked 2nd in the most watched local skincare
    brand. Online consumer behavior is influenced by social media's
    growing influence and Indonesian consumers' growing usage of it
    (Nekmahmud et al., 2022). On TikTok, beauty influencers often create
    content featuring products from Wardah, offer product reviews, and
    display the effects of using the products. Therefore, the likelihood
    that customers will buy Wardah products can be significantly
    increased by recommendations from influencers, who are frequently
    seen as reliable. Influencers in social media have emerged as a
    result of the expansion of social media marketing.</p>
    <p>Influencers in social media aim to impact several facets of their
    followers' lives. For example, they might persuade individuals to
    purchase or make use of particular goods or services. They leverage
    their influence to change behaviors, thoughts, and actions,
    particularly in areas like diet, lifestyle choices, and even how
    their audience communicates and speaks (Solomon, 2020). They are
    thought to be the most appropriate and direct way to reach target
    audiences (Lou &amp; Yuan, 2019). Online reviews and suggestions are
    the two factors that most affect consumer behavior, according to
    research by Indrawati et al. (2022).</p>
  </disp-quote>
</sec>












<sec>
  <title>THEORETICAL REVIEW</title>
  <sec id="social-media-influencers-credibility">
    <title>Social Media Influencer’s Credibility</title>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>According to Solomon (2020) an individual who uses their
      credibility and online presence to affect many facets of their
      target audience's lives is known as a social media influencer. By
      convincing people to buy or utilize particular goods and services,
      they have a big influence on how consumers behave. Through their
      content and interactions with their audience, social media
      influencers also affect routines, attitudes, and behaviors, such
      as food habits, lifestyle decisions, and communication styles.</p>
      <p>Becker et al. (2022) research, which applies planned behaviour
      theory, demonstrates that customer opinion is positively impacted
      by the credibility of social entrepreneurship messages (knowledge
      and trustConsidering the significance of the idea of planned
      behavior in marketing, opinions about the</p>
      <p>organic cosmetics sector are greatly impacted by the
      legitimacy, skill, and attractiveness of celebrities
      (Murwaningtyas et al., 2020).</p>
      <p>H1: The credibility of social media influencers significantly
      and favourably impacts attitudes towards Wardah on TikTok
      Indonesia</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="social-media-usage">
    <title>Social Media Usage</title>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>Smith and Gallicano (2015) define SMU as an assortment of
      online activities. According to Pop et al., (2020), claim that
      social networking sites significantly influences individuals'
      attitudes and opinions when they are making purchasing decisions.
      According to studies by Nekmahmud et al. in 2022, SMU has an
      impact on SN and PBC.</p>
      <p>H2: Social media usage significantly and favourably impacts
      attitudes towards Wardah on TikTok Indonesia</p>
      <p>H3: Subjective norms of Wardah on TikTok Indonesia are greatly
      and favorably impacted by social media use.</p>
      <p>H4: Perceived behavioral control of Wardah on TikTok Indonesia
      are greatly and favorably impacted by social media use.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="social-media-marketing">
    <title>Social Media Marketing</title>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>When consumers choose a relatively lifestyle class on social
      media, social media marketing has been considered the best
      alternative for marketers and advertisers (Lee et al., 2018).
      Social media marketing significantly and favorably affects
      subjective norms since people use social media to gather
      information, make decisions about what to buy, and revise those
      decisions. This makes it a great way for firms to create online
      marketing strategies (Sun &amp; Wang, 2020). According to research
      by Hassan et al. (2021) and I. Khan (2022) which demonstrate that
      social media marketing can affect consumer attitudes.</p>
      <p>H5: Social media marketing significantly and favourably impacts
      attitudes towards Wardah on TikTok Indonesia</p>
      <p>H6: Social media marketing significantly and favourably impacts
      subjective norms towards Wardah on TikTok Indonesia</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="attitude-subjective-norms-and-perceived-behavioural-control">
    <title>Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioural
    Control</title>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>The fundamental concept of planned behavior is behavioral
      intention, which indicates the degree to which an individual plans
      to carry out specific actions based on their behavior (Ajzen,
      1991). According to earlier research by Nekmahmud et al. (2022),
      the theory of planned behavior variable has a substantial impact
      on an individual's motivation to make an online purchase.</p>
      <p>H7: Attitude significantly and favourably impacts online
      purchase intention towards Wardah on TikTok Indonesia</p>
      <p>H8: Subjective norms significantly and favorably impacts online
      purchase intention towards Wardah on Tiktok Indonesia</p>
      <p>H9: Perceived behavioral control significantly and favourably
      impacts online purchase intention towards Wardah on TikTok
      Indonesia</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="online-purchase-intention">
    <title>Online Purchase Intention</title>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>Purchase intention is the likelihood that a customer will buy a
      good or service in the near future (Ajzen &amp; Fishbein, 1980).
      According to research by Zhao et al. (2024) attitude mediates the
      association between purchase intention and influencer traits such
      attractiveness, credibility, and interactivity. Through</p>
      <p>attitude, Celep &amp; Çorumlu, (2022) discovered a positive
      relationship between social media engagement and internet sales.
      Social media material can influence customers' desire to buy in
      more subjective ways, per research by Mubdir et al. (2024).
      Through perceived behavioral control, social media use favorably
      increases online purchase intentions, according to research by
      Sharma et al. (2022). According to studies by Divsalar et al.
      (2023), social media marketing that is mediated by behavior can
      affect consumers' desire in making online purchases. Zhang et al.
      (2023) demonstrated that purchase interest is significantly
      impacted by subjective norms that are altered by social media
      marketing.</p>
      <p>H10: Credibility of Social Media Influencer positively
      influences Online Purchase Intention through Attitude towards
      Wardah on TikTok Indonesia</p>
      <p>H11: Using social media on TikTok Indonesia positively
      influences online purchase intention by influencing attitudes
      towards the Wardah brand on TikTok Indonesia</p>
      <p>H12: Using social media on TikTok Indonesia positively
      influences online purchase intention by influencing subjective
      norms towards Wardah on TikTok Indonesia</p>
      <p>H13: Using social media on TikTok Indonesia positively
      influences online purchase intention by influencing Perceived
      Behavioural Control towards Wardah on TikTok Indonesia</p>
      <p>H14: Through attitudes toward Wardah on TikTok Indonesia,
      Social media marketing has a beneficial effect on online purchase
      intention.</p>
      <p>H15: Through subjective norms toward Wardah on TikTok
      Indonesia, Social media marketing has a beneficial effect on
      online purchase intention.</p>
      <p>The study's research framework is depicted in Figure 1.</p>
    </disp-quote>
    <graphic mimetype="image" mime-subtype="jpeg" xlink:href="vertopal_13172e96366a442ea1cf22e42af1aa52/media/image3.jpeg" />
    <disp-quote>
      <p><bold>Figure 1. Conceptual Framework</bold></p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
</sec>












<sec>
  <title>METHODOLOGY</title>
  <sec id="population-and-samples">
    <title>Population and Samples</title>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>The participants in this study are TikTok users from Indonesia
      who are aware of or have seen content from Wardah brand. The
      participants in this study are TikTok users from Indonesia who are
      aware of or have seen content from products under the Wardah
      brand. Because of the purposive sampling strategy</p>
      <p>employed in this study, non-probability sampling, not every
      member of the population has an equal chance of being included in
      the sample. The respondents must be active TikTok users in
      Indonesia (17–50 years old), familiar with the Wardah brand, have
      seen Wardah influencer content within the last 12 months, and be
      interested in purchasing Wardah products online.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="collection-of-data">
    <title>Collection of Data</title>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>A questionnaire survey that was distributed online through
      social media to participants who fit the study's respondent
      requirements was utilized to gather data because of the
      quantitative technique. To ensure that respondents who fill out
      the questionnaire match the requirements, there are 12 screening
      questions to ensure that they are in accordance with the research.
      To learn more about respondents' perceptions of marketing on
      Tiktok social media, including influencer credibility, Social
      media's effects on attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and
      subjective norms, 32 statements were given to them. The purpose of
      these messages was to sway their decision to buy Wardah products
      online.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="data-analysis">
    <title>Data Analysis</title>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>This study investigates a particular population or sample using
      a quantitative approach grounded on the paradigm of positivism.
      With the aim of descriptive and causal research by providing an
      overview of the phenomenon and also testing the causal
      relationship between variable. Because this study used a purposive
      sampling technique in conjunction with non-probability sampling,
      not every member of the population has a comparable opportunity of
      being included in the sample. Positive correlations have been
      shown between influencer credibility, social media usage, social
      media marketing, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral
      control, and desire to make an online purchase, according to the
      research findings, which were examined using the SmartPLS program
      and SEM-PLS.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
</sec>













<sec>
  <title>RESULTS</title>
  <disp-quote>
    <p>This study, which involved 406 respondents in total, demonstrates
    how social media marketing—specifically, advertising through
    influencers on the Tiktok app— influences consumers' motivation in
    making online purchases by influencing their attitudes, subjective
    norms, and perceived behavioral control.</p>
  </disp-quote>
  <sec id="table-1.-reliability-test-results-on-406-respondents">
    <title>Table 1. Reliability test results on 406 respondents</title>
    <table-wrap>
      <table>
        <colgroup>
          <col width="25%" />
          <col width="25%" />
          <col width="25%" />
          <col width="25%" />
        </colgroup>
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th><bold>Variables</bold></th>
            <th><bold>Number of Items</bold></th>
            <th><bold>Cronbach Alpha</bold></th>
            <th><bold>Composite Reliability</bold></th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>SMIC</td>
            <td>12</td>
            <td>0.955</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.960</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMU</td>
            <td>3</td>
            <td>0.784</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.874</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMM</td>
            <td>4</td>
            <td>0.824</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.884</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>ATT</td>
            <td>3</td>
            <td>0.730</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.847</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SN</td>
            <td>4</td>
            <td>0.839</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.891</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>PBC</td>
            <td>3</td>
            <td>0.749</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.857</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>OPI</td>
            <td>3</td>
            <td>0.737</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.850</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </table-wrap>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>32 construct elements demonstrate exceptional consistency,
      according to the reliability study results using SmartPLS, values
      ranging from 0.70 to 0.955 for Cronbach's alpha. If this result
      surpasses the 0.70 criterion, it can be considered dependable. The
      results of the composite reliability analysis are used to gauge
      the concept's internal consistency; a value of 0.70 or greater is
      considered to be of high quality. Therefore, as seen in table 1,
      the value of this construct indicates good reliability for this
      investigation.</p>
      <p>To ensure that each questionnaire has accuracy with the
      research, the validity test is carried out on each variable with
      factor loading analysis and also AVE, resulting in table 2.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="table-2.-validity-test-results-using-factor-loading-analysis-and-ave">
    <title>Table 2. Validity Test Results Using Factor Loading Analysis
    and AVE</title>
    <table-wrap>
      <table>
        <colgroup>
          <col width="25%"/>
          <col width="25%"/>
          <col width="25%"/>
          <col width="25%"/>
        </colgroup>
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th>Variables</th>
            <th>Number of Items</th>
            <th>Factor Loading</th>
            <th>AVE</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>Social Media Influencer’s Credibility</td>
            <td>IC1</td>
            <td>0.826</td>
            <td>0.669</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC2</td>
            <td>0.796</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC3</td>
            <td>0.819</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC4</td>
            <td>0.844</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC5</td>
            <td>0.824</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC6</td>
            <td>0.823</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC7</td>
            <td>0.809</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC8</td>
            <td>0.829</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC9</td>
            <td>0.802</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC10</td>
            <td>0.825</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC11</td>
            <td>0.793</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>IC12</td>
            <td>0.822</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Social Media Usage</td>
            <td>U1</td>
            <td>0.851</td>
            <td>0.698</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>U2</td>
            <td>0.817</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>U3</td>
            <td>0.838</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Social Media Marketing</td>
            <td>M1</td>
            <td>0.823</td>
            <td>0.655</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>M2</td>
            <td>0.793</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>M3</td>
            <td>0.824</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>M4</td>
            <td>0.797</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Attitude</td>
            <td>A1</td>
            <td>0.801</td>
            <td>0.649</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>A2</td>
            <td>0.821</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>A3</td>
            <td>0.796</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Subjective Norms</td>
            <td>S1</td>
            <td>0.866</td>
            <td>0.672</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>S2</td>
            <td>0.841</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>S3</td>
            <td>0.844</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>S4</td>
            <td>0.720</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Perceived Behavioural Control</td>
            <td>P1</td>
            <td>0.819</td>
            <td>0.666</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>P2</td>
            <td>0.806</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>P3</td>
            <td>0.823</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Online Purchase Intention</td>
            <td>O1</td>
            <td>0.833</td>
            <td>0.655</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>O2</td>
            <td>0.791</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>O3</td>
            <td>0.803</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </table-wrap>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>All six variables have factor loading values more than 0.70,
      which suggests that the indicator accurately captures the idea
      being examined, according to the findings of the AVE and factor
      loading tests. Thus, it can be said that every variable in the
      research satisfies the validity test. AVE testing has criteria
      that must be more than 0.50 to indicate that the construct
      effectively represents the concept being measured so that it is
      considered to have convergent validity that. The AVE test results
      show that the AVE value has good convergent validity because it is
      above 0.50.</p>
      <p>A paradigm for evaluating discriminant validity, the Fornell
      Larcker Criterion, highlights that a concept must be more
      effective at explaining the variation of its own indicators than
      the variance of other constructs. The variance of its own
      indicators must be more adequately explained by the root of the
      AVE value than the variation of indicators from other structures,
      according to Hair et al. (2002).</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="table-3-fornell-larcker-criterion">
    <title>Table 3 Fornell Larcker Criterion</title>
    <table-wrap>
      <table>
        <colgroup>
          <col width="13%" />
          <col width="12%" />
          <col width="12%" />
          <col width="12%" />
          <col width="13%" />
          <col width="13%" />
          <col width="12%" />
          <col width="12%" />
        </colgroup>
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>ATT</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>OPI</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>PBC</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>SMIC</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>SMM</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>SMU</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>SN</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>ATT</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.806</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>OPI</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.664</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.809</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>PBC</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.570</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.551</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.816</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMIC</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.530</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.576</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.516</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.818</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMM</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.536</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.526</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.562</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.508</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.810</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMU</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.607</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.570</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.509</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.482</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.586</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.836</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SN</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.459</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.433</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.368</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.385</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.391</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.527</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.820</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </table-wrap>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>It is possible to conclude that every construct in this model
      exceeds the requirements for discriminant validity because Table
      3's data demonstrates that each construct's root AVE is higher
      than the correlation between it and other constructs. In other
      words, it is easier to explain the variance of indicators from one
      model construct than it is to explain the variance of indicators
      from other constructs.</p>
      <p>The inner model, as defined by Hair et al. (2022), describes
      the relationship between the model's latent variables. This model
      is designed to test theories on the causal relationship between
      latent variables and assess the extent to which latent variables
      may explain other variables. R-square, F-square, and Q-square are
      used for inner model testing.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="table-4-r-square-test-result">
    <title>Table 4 R-Square Test Result</title>
    <table-wrap>
      <table>
        <colgroup>
          <col width="41%" />
          <col width="23%" />
          <col width="37%" />
        </colgroup>
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th></th>
            <th>R-square</th>
            <th>Description</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>Attitude</td>
            <td>0.463</td>
            <td>Moderate</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Online Purchase Intention</td>
            <td>0.499</td>
            <td>Moderate</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Perceived Behavioural Control</td>
            <td>0.259</td>
            <td>Weak</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Subjective Norms</td>
            <td>0.288</td>
            <td>Weak</td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </table-wrap>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>As can be seen in the above table, R-square indicates the
      extent to which the independent variable mode may account for
      changes in the dependent variable. Table 4 shows that Attitude's
      R-square is 0.463, meaning that the marketing, usage, and
      trustworthiness of social media influencers account for 46.3% of
      its explanation, leaving the other 53.7% unaccounted for. With an
      R-square of 0.259, perceived behavioural control is explained by
      social media use in 25.9% of cases, with the remaining 74.1% going
      unstudied. Social media usage and marketing account for 28.8% of
      the R-squared value of subjective norms (0.288), with the
      remaining 71.2% going unanalyzed. 49.9% of the R-squared 0.499 for
      Online Purchase Intention is explained by SMIC, SMU, SMM,
      Attitude, SN, and PBC; the remaining 50.1% is not taken into
      consideration.</p>
      <p>The F-square statistic is used to assess the independent
      variable's effect size on the dependent variable. This measure
      illustrates the extent to which the independent variable accounts
      for the variance in the dependent variable. Table 5 displays the
      F-squared test used in this investigation.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="table-5-f-square-test-result">
    <title>Table 5 F-Square Test Result</title>
    <table-wrap>
      <table>
        <colgroup>
          <col width="22%" />
          <col width="36%" />
          <col width="42%" />
        </colgroup>
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th></th>
            <th>f-square</th>
            <th>Description</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>ATT -&gt; OPI</td>
            <td>0.266</td>
            <td>Medium</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>PBC -&gt; OPI</td>
            <td>0.073</td>
            <td>Small</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMIC -&gt; ATT</td>
            <td>0.082</td>
            <td>Small</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMM -&gt; ATT</td>
            <td>0.039</td>
            <td>Small</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMM -&gt; SN</td>
            <td>0.014</td>
            <td>Small</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMU -&gt; ATT</td>
            <td>0.160</td>
            <td>Medium</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMU -&gt; PBC</td>
            <td>0.349</td>
            <td>Great</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SMU -&gt; SN</td>
            <td>0.190</td>
            <td>Medium</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>SN -&gt; OPI</td>
            <td>0.026</td>
            <td>Small</td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </table-wrap>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>Based on the F-square test, the independent variables make
      various contributions to the dependent variable. Some
      relationships show significant contributions, such as Attitude to
      Online Purchase Intention (medium influence, 0.266), Perceived
      Behavioral Control to Online Purchase Intention (small, 0.073),
      Social Media Influencers Credibility to Attitude (small, 0.082),
      Social Media Marketing on Attitude (small, 0.039) and Subjective
      Norms (small, 0.014), Social Media Usage on Attitude (medium,
      0.160), Perceived Behavioral Control (large, 0.349), and
      Subjective Norms (medium, 0.190), and Subjective Norms on Online
      Purchase Intention (small, 0.026).</p>
      <p>An study called Q-square is used to evaluate a model's
      predictive significance. The Q-square measures how well the model
      predicts the value of the undiscovered dependent variable using
      the provided independent variables. A blindfolding approach is
      used to carry out the Q-square calculating process. The model has
      predictive relevance if Q^2&gt;0, which means it can accurately
      forecast the dependent variable.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="table-6-q-square-test-result">
    <title>Table 6 Q-Square Test Result</title>
    <table-wrap>
      <table>
        <colgroup>
          <col width="41%" />
          <col width="27%" />
          <col width="32%" />
        </colgroup>
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>Q²predict</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>Description</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>Attitude</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.443</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>Predictive</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Online Purchase Intention</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.395</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>Predictive</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Perceived Behavioural Control</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.248</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>Predictive</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Subjective Norms</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.276</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>Predictive</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </table-wrap>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>Table 6 shows that the four variables have a Q-square value&gt;
      0 or can be said to have predictive relevance. This means that
      this model can be used to measure the suitability of model
      predictions in predicting the values of the original data.</p>
      <p>The accuracy with which the model fits the data is shown by a
      statistic known as goodness of fit. Indicators like SRMR,
      Chi-square, and NFI are used in goodness of fit testing to assess
      the model's adequacy. A low Chi-square, a low SRMR score, and an
      NFI near 1 all suggest that the model fits the data well.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="table-7-goodness-of-fit-test-results">
    <title>Table 7 Goodness of Fit test results</title>
    <table-wrap>
      <table>
        <colgroup>
          <col width="29%" />
          <col width="39%" />
          <col width="32%" />
        </colgroup>
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th></th>
            <th>Saturated model</th>
            <th><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>Estimated model</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>SRMR</td>
            <td>0.048</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.092</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>d_ULS</td>
            <td>1.242</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>4.441</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>d_G</td>
            <td>0.529</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.611</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Chi-square</td>
            <td>1255.861</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>1357.031</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>NFI</td>
            <td>0.844</td>
            <td><p specific-use="wrapper">
              <disp-quote>
                <p>0.831</p>
              </disp-quote>
            </p></td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </table-wrap>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>The saturated model fits better than the estimated model,
      according to table 7 goodness of fit test findings. The estimated
      model does not fit the data, as indicated by the SRMR values of
      0.092 in the estimated model and 0.048 in the saturated model. The
      saturated model is more appropriate, as indicated by the
      chi-square values of 1255.861 from the saturated model and
      1357.031 from the estimated model. Both the estimated model's and
      the saturated model's NFIs are near 1, indicating that the
      saturated model better fits the data.</p>
      <p>According to Hardani et al. (2020), hypotheses are predictions
      regarding the relationship between variables in study that are
      based on pertinent theories but have not been validated by the
      available empirical data. This study used a one- tailed test with
      a partial hypothesis test (T test), which has a value of t_tabel
      1.65 with a 95% confidence level and a 5% significant level.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
  <sec id="table-8-results-of-hypothesis-test">
    <title>Table 8 Results of Hypothesis test</title>
    <table-wrap>
      <table>
        <colgroup>
          <col width="13%"/>
          <col width="13%"/>
          <col width="13%"/>
          <col width="15%"/>
          <col width="18%"/>
          <col width="12%"/>
          <col width="15%"/>
        </colgroup>
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th></th>
            <th><bold>Original sample (O)</bold></th>
            <th><bold>Sample mean (M)</bold></th>
            <th><bold>Standard deviation (STDEV)</bold></th>
            <th><bold>T statistics (O/STDEV)</bold></th>
            <th>
              <p><bold>P</bold></p>
              <p><bold>values</bold></p>
            </th>
            <th><bold>Description</bold></th>
          </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>ATT -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.470</td>
            <td>0.472</td>
            <td>0.077</td>
            <td>6.145</td>
            <td>0.000</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>PBC -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.235</td>
            <td>0.233</td>
            <td>0.082</td>
            <td>2.873</td>
            <td>0.002</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMIC -> ATT</bold></td>
            <td>0.253</td>
            <td>0.255</td>
            <td>0.060</td>
            <td>4.251</td>
            <td>0.000</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMM -> ATT</bold></td>
            <td>0.188</td>
            <td>0.186</td>
            <td>0.064</td>
            <td>2.921</td>
            <td>0.002</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMM -> SN</bold></td>
            <td>0.125</td>
            <td>0.126</td>
            <td>0.061</td>
            <td>2.058</td>
            <td>0.020</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMU -> ATT</bold></td>
            <td>0.375</td>
            <td>0.375</td>
            <td>0.062</td>
            <td>6.057</td>
            <td>0.000</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMU -> PBC</bold></td>
            <td>0.509</td>
            <td>0.510</td>
            <td>0.062</td>
            <td>8.163</td>
            <td>0.000</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMU -> SN</bold></td>
            <td>0.454</td>
            <td>0.454</td>
            <td>0.060</td>
            <td>7.507</td>
            <td>0.000</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SN -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.131</td>
            <td>0.130</td>
            <td>0.047</td>
            <td>2.776</td>
            <td>0.003</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMIC -> ATT -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.119</td>
            <td>0.121</td>
            <td>0.037</td>
            <td>3.199</td>
            <td>0.001</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMU -> PBC -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.120</td>
            <td>0.119</td>
            <td>0.046</td>
            <td>2.603</td>
            <td>0.005</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMM -> ATT -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.088</td>
            <td>0.088</td>
            <td>0.034</td>
            <td>2.625</td>
            <td>0.004</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMU -> ATT -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.176</td>
            <td>0.177</td>
            <td>0.042</td>
            <td>4.247</td>
            <td>0.000</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMM -> SN -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.016</td>
            <td>0.016</td>
            <td>0.010</td>
            <td>1.681</td>
            <td>0.046</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td><bold>SMU -> SN -> OPI</bold></td>
            <td>0.059</td>
            <td>0.060</td>
            <td>0.024</td>
            <td>2.448</td>
            <td>0.007</td>
            <td>Accepted</td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </table-wrap>
    <disp-quote>
      <p>The findings of evaluating 15 study hypotheses about the
      connections between online purchase intention, SN, PBC, attitude,
      SMU, SMM, and the credibility of social media influencers are
      shown in Table 8. Based on Table 8, fifteen assumptions
      demonstrate that each one has a noteworthy and advantageous
      impact. This is evidenced by p-value of no more than 0.50 and t-
      statistic of more than 1.65.</p>
    </disp-quote>
  </sec>
</sec>











<sec>
  <title>DISCUSSION</title>
  <disp-quote>
    <p>Social media, particularly TikTok, has a major impact on
    consumers' propensity to purchase cosmetics, particularly those made
    by the Wardah brand, according to the study's findings. Many
    factors, such as attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral
    control, the legitimacy of social media influencers, social media
    usage, and social media marketing, influence the intention to make
    an online purchase, according to this study, which used the Theory
    of Planned Behavior (TPB) approach. The legitimacy of influencers is
    essential for creating favorable consumer opinions about Wardah
    products. High-expertise, reliable, and attractive influencers can
    boost audience trust and interest in the products they are
    promoting.</p>
    <p>In addition, high social media usage also plays a role in
    increasing consumers' positive attitudes towards brands. Consumers
    who actively use TikTok tend to be more influenced by social norms
    and have higher confidence in making online purchases. This is
    because they are more often exposed to product information through
    various interactive features on TikTok, such as product reviews,
    beauty tutorials, and other user testimonials. Nonetheless, social
    media marketing has proven effective in building relationships
    between brands and consumers. Marketing strategies such as
    promotional content, hashtag campaigns, and live shopping on TikTok
    successfully increase consumer engagement and build social norms
    that support the purchase of Wardah products.</p>
    <p>According to the study's findings, attitude has the most impact
    on people's intentions to make purchases online, followed by
    perceived behavioural control and subjective criteria. When
    customers think well about Wardah products, they are more likely to
    buy them online. Similarly, because they feel more in control of
    their access to information and digital transactions, people are
    more inclined to shop online if they are confident in their ability
    to use TikTok's e-commerce platform. Therefore, social media is not
    only a platform for conversation and fun but also a marketing
    instrument that can effectively impact consumer purchasing
    behavior.</p>
  </disp-quote>
</sec>










<sec>
  <title>CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS</title>
  <disp-quote>
    <p>With reference to Wardah brand products on Tiktok, this study
    examines the effects of influencer credibility in social media,
    usage of social media, and social media marketing on online purchase
    intention using the Theory of Planned Behavior, which takes into
    account attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral
    control. The results show that attitude, followed by PBC and SN, has
    the most influence on the intention of making an online
    purchase.</p>
    <p>SMIC can be affected by trust, expertise and attractiveness of
    influencers so that it can significantly influence attitude which
    forms audience perceptions of the Wardah brand. SMU not only has an
    impact on attitude, but also on SN and PBC which shows that frequent
    viewing of Tiktok content can increase audience confidence and also
    perceived social pressure to make online purchases. SMM supports
    interactive marketing techniques in influencing consumer behavior
    by</p>
    <p>influencing attitude and SN through engaging material like
    product evaluations, live streaming, and promotional activities.</p>
    <p>All things considered, this study demonstrates the value of TPB
    in comprehending customer behavior in the digital age within the
    beauty sector. Practically, brands such as Wardah should invest in
    the collaboration of highly credible influencers, both
    macro-influencers and micro-influencers as well as interactive
    social media strategies to increase consumer engagement, and drive
    online purchasing decisions. Based on the research results, here are
    some practical implications:</p>
    <p>For marketers and brands:</p>
  </disp-quote>
  <list list-type="bullet">
    <list-item>
      <p>Prioritize collaboration with influencers who have high
      credibility and strong relevance in the beauty industry that
      matches the brand image</p>
    </list-item>
    <list-item>
      <p>For brands to use collaboration strategies with other brands to
      increase exposure and reach new segments. And also implement
      co-creation strategies, where consumers can be directly involved
      in product development.</p>
    </list-item>
    <list-item>
      <p>Brands can utilize Augmented Reality technology to make it
      easier for consumers to try various shades of cosmetics before
      making a purchase. So that consumers have the confidence to make
      online purchases.</p>
    </list-item>
  </list>
</sec>









<sec>
  <title>FURTHER STUDY</title>
  <disp-quote>
    <p>This study highlights some limitations that call for more
    research even if it provides insightful information on the
    connection between social media marketing and online purchase
    intentions. Due to Wardah's focus on TikTok- based marketing
    strategies, the findings might not be as relevant to other cosmetic
    items or social media platforms. Furthermore, depending only on
    quantitative approaches may not fully represent the complexity of
    consumer motives and emotional impulses influencing purchase
    decisions. Future studies could investigate cross-platform
    comparisons to evaluate the efficacy of digital marketing tactics in
    diverse online contexts, building on existing constraints. Long-term
    studies are also encouraged to examine how customers' viewpoints are
    evolving, the impact of social media influencers, and new
    advancements in social commerce in order to present a more complete
    picture of digital consumer behavior. By addressing these issues,
    marketing theories will be better applied in the dynamic digital
    economy.</p>
  </disp-quote>
</sec>











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