Analysis of Jürgen Moltmann, Wolfhart Pannenberg, John Metz, Carl Braaten, and Albert Schweiter's Theology of Hope in Christian Education

Abstract

This study aims to describe the theology of hope for Jürgen Moltmann, Wolfhart Pannenberg, John Metz, Carl Braaten, Albert Schweitzer and its Relation to Christian Religious Education with a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach. This article discusses Jürgen Moltmann's theology of hope that Christian faith is seen from the perspective of hope for the future, especially the resurrection of Christ. For him eschatology is the factor that shapes all of Christian theology. Wolfhart Panneberg, the revelations of God, especially the resurrection, are open to substantiation. He emphasized that there was evidence showing the resurrection of Jesus from the dead. Johann Baptist Metz, Memoria passionis and memoria resurrectionis are centered on God in the historical Jesus Christ and act to give hope and liberation. According to Metz, memoria is a force that gives rise to an anticipatory memory to present a future that restores and heals those who are suffering, oppressed, injured and useless. Carl E. Braaten, that memories of the past can be dangerous if they bring up attitudes that make us in the present indifferent and act towards those who suffered in the past. This memory only inspires fear and does not give the alignment to act on those who suffer. Albert Schweitzer showed that all conventional historical approaches were actually not historical, were not based on existing sources, and what was found was not the historical Jesus, but a Jesus created by the experts themselves or creations in accordance with the 19th century mind.