Manik, Noni Monalisa, and Ramlan Damanik. “The Meaning of the Functions and Motives of the Toba Batak Ethnic Ragidup Ulos: A Semiotic Study”. Journal of Language Development and Linguistics 2, no. 1 (February 27, 2023): 27–38. Accessed May 4, 2026. https://journal.formosapublisher.org/index.php/jldl/article/view/2817.