Immunomodulatory Activity of Ethanol Extract and Kabau (Archidendron Bubalinum) Leaf Fractions on the Macrophage Phagocytosis Index in Male White Rats (Rattus Novergicus)

Intan Sofia Irsa  Aulia; Tri  Wijayanti; Opstaria  Saptarini

doi:10.55927/mudima.v4i6.9588

Authors

Intan Sofia Irsa Aulia Universitas Setia Budi, Surakarta
Tri Wijayanti Universitas Setia Budi, Surakarta
Opstaria Saptarini Universitas Setia Budi, Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/mudima.v4i6.9588

Keywords:

Immunomodulatory Activity, Ethanol Extract

Abstract

Immunomodulators are substances that have the ability to balance and restore a dysfunctional immune system, reduce the body's immune response due to excessive immune activity and stimulate leukocyte cells, especially macrophages, to form a strong immune system. The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory activity of kabau leaves (Archidendron bubalinum) in male white rats in terms of the phagocytosis index, number of leukocyte cell types and spleen histopathology. This research design used 35 mice as test animals and then divided them into 6 groups, namely negative control, positive control (Stimuno dose 50 mg), kabau leaf extract 20 mg, n-hexane fraction 6.66 mg, ethyl acetate fraction 4 mg, water fraction 6.66 mg, each group consisted of 5 male rats. Immunomodulatory activity was seen from the phagocytosis index and the number of leukocyte cell types at 10 and 15 minutes. The results showed that the 6 treatments had significantly different immunostimulatory activities with a significant value of less than 0.05. The results of the phagocytosis index calculation showed that the highest value was Stimuno at 3.33, then the 6.66 mg n-hexane fraction was 2.49, the 4mg ethyl acetate fraction was 1.63, the 20 mg extract was 1.26, and the water fraction was 6.66 mg. 1.27. From these results it can be concluded that kabau (Archidendron bubalinum) leaf extracts and fractions have immunostimulant activity

References

Baeke, F., Korf, H., Overbergh, L., van Etten, E., Verstuyf, A., Gysemans, C., & Mathieu, C. (2010). Human T lymphocytes are direct targets of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the immune system. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 121(1–2), 221–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.037

Bratawidjaja, K. G. and Rengganis, I. 2018. Basic Immunology. Jakarta: Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia

Bratawidjaja, Kamen Garna. 2010. Basic Immunology 11th edition (2nd printing). Jakarta: Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia.

Handayani, G. N. 2010. "Immunomodulators" AL-FIKR 14(1): 150-66.

Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia. 2017. Edition II. Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia

Irawan, C., Rochaeni, H., Sulistiawaty, L., & Roziafanto, AN (2018). Phytochemical screening, LC-MS study and antidiabetic potential of methanol extract of Archidendron bubalinum (Jack) IC Nielson (Julang Jaling) seed shells from Lampung, Indonesia. Journal of Pharmacognosy, 10(6s).Kumar S. et al. 2011. A review on immunostimulatory plants. Journal og Interactive Medicine; 9(2): 117

Linsentia, N., A. 2011. Immunomodulatory activity of basil leaf extract on male mice using carbon clearance and neutrophilma adhesion methods. Sanata Dharma University. Yogyakarta.

Mohan, K., Ravichandran, S., Muralisankar, T., Uthayakumar, V., Chandirasekar, R., Rajeevgandhi, C., Karthick Rajan, D., & Seedevi, P. 2018. Extraction and characterization of chitin from sea snail Conus inscriptus (Reeve, 1843). International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 126: 555–560

Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Health. 2000. General Standard Parameters for Medicinal Plant Extracts. Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Health, vol. 1. p. 10–11.

Riasari, H., Fitriansyah, SN, Hartati, R., & Anggadiredja, K. (2019). Comparison of Extraction Methods, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenols in Kabau Seeds and Shells (Archidendron bubalinum (Jack) IC Nielsen) from Lampung and South Sumatra. Journal of Pharmacognosy, 11(6).

Yunitasari, D., Alifiar, I., & Priatna, M. (2016). Test of the Activity of Ethanol Extract of Jengkol Leaves (Pithecellobium lobatum Benth) on Healing Incision Wounds in Male Wistar White Rats. Journal of Scientific and Practical Pharmacy, 2(1), 30–35.

Zilhadia, Wiraswati Y. Testing the Immunomodulatory Effect of Gambier Catechin (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) Using Invitro Carbon Cleaning Parameters. J Indonesian Natural Materials 8(3), pp 181–186. 2012