Qin Shi Huang's Legacy: Assessing the First Emperor's Impact on Chinese History

Syed Tahir  Abbas

doi:10.55927/esa.v3i2.8115

Authors

Syed Tahir Abbas History Culture and Nationalities , SouthWest University , Chongqing

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/esa.v3i2.8115

Keywords:

Chinese History, Legacy, Qin Shi Huang

Abstract

Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China, stands as a transformative figure in Chinese history, leaving a lasting impact that reverberates through millennia. This comprehensive exploration delves into the multifaceted dimensions of his rule, assessing his achievements, controversies, and enduring legacy. From his early life in the tumultuous Warring States period to the unification of China through ambitious military campaigns, Qin Shi Huang's journey unfolds against a backdrop of political intrigue and strategic brilliance. The examination of his governance reveals the imprint of Legalist philosophy, with centralization, administrative reforms, and standardized systems shaping the Qin Dynasty's brief but impactful existence. The study evaluates the cultural achievements that define Qin Shi Huang's legacy, notably the Terracotta Army and monumental constructions like the Great Wall. Beyond the archaeological marvels, the paper probes the controversies surrounding his rule, including harsh legal measures, the suppression of Confucianism, and the burning of books. Modern perspectives offer a nuanced reevaluation of his legacy in contemporary China, exploring the relevance of his governance structures and the cultural significance of his achievements in the 21st century. Qin Shi Huang's influence on subsequent dynasties, particularly the Han, is scrutinized, highlighting the enduring elements of his governance that shaped Chinese political thought. The abstract concludes by emphasizing the continued relevance of Qin Shi Huang's legacy, providing insights into the complexities of leadership, governance, and the continuity of Chinese history. As debates surrounding his legacy persist, Qin Shi Huang remains an enigmatic figure whose historical significance extends beyond his time, contributing to a dynamic discourse on China's past and its implications for the present and future

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aulawi, H., Ramdhani, M. A., Slamet, C., Ainisyifa, H., & Darmalaksana, W. (2017). Functional Need Analysis of Knowledge Portal Design in Higher Education Institution. International Journal of Soft Computing, 12(2), 132-141.

Chandrashekar, D. S., Bashel, B., Balasubramanya, S. A. H., Creighton, C. J., Ponce-Rodriguez, I., Chakravarthi, B. V., & Varambally, S. (2017). UALCAN: a portal for facilitating tumor subgroup gene expression and survival analyses. Neoplasia, 19(8), 649-658.

Chang, J. Y., Senan, S., Paul, M. A., Mehran, R. J., Louie, A. V., Balter, P., ... & Roth, J. A. (2015). Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy versus lobectomy for operable stage I non-small-cell lung cancer: a pooled analysis of two randomised trials. The lancet oncology, 16(6), 630-637.

Chang, S. J., Ferreira, A. M., Ritsema, J., van Heijst, H. J., & Woodhouse, J. H. (2015). Joint inversion for global isotropic and radially anisotropic mantle structure including crustal thickness perturbations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 120(6), 4278-4300.

Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., ... & Zhang, L. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The lancet, 395(10223), 507-513.

Chen, Y., Wang, X., Yang, M., Ruan, W., Wei, W., Gu, D., ... & Yuan, Y. (2018). miR-145-5p increases osteoclast numbers in vitro and aggravates bone erosion in collagen-induced arthritis by targeting osteoprotegerin. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 24, 5292.

Dominguez, C. A., Loewe, M., & Villavicencio, C. (2018). QCD determination of the magnetic field dependence of QCD and hadronic parameters. Physical Review D, 98(3), 034015.

Drilon, A., Bergagnini, I., Delasos, L., Sabari, J., Woo, K. M., Plodkowski, A., ... & Kris, M. G. (2016). Clinical outcomes with pemetrexed-based systemic therapies in RET-rearranged lung cancers. Annals of Oncology, 27(7), 1286-1291.

Du, X., Tang, F., Liu, M., Su, J., Zhang, Y., Wu, W., ... & Liu, Y. (2018). A reappraisal of CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade in cancer immunotherapy. Cell research, 28(4), 416-432.

Gatzinsky, K., Eldabe, S., Deneuville, J. P., Duyvendak, W., Naiditch, N., Van Buyten, J. P., & Rigoard, P. (2019). Optimizing the management and outcomes of failed back surgery syndrome: a proposal of a standardized multidisciplinary team care pathway. Pain Research and Management, 2019.

Jia, H., Pan, Y., Guo, X., Zhao, L., Wang, X., Zhang, L., ... & Fan, D. (2017). Water exchange method significantly improves adenoma detection rate: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Official journal of the American College of Gastroenterology| ACG, 112(4), 568-576.

Kent, M. S., Hartwig, M. G., Vallières, E., Abbas, A. E., Cerfolio, R. J., Dylewski, M. R., ... & Zervos, M. (2022). Pulmonary open, robotic and thoracoscopic lobectomy (PORTaL) study: an analysis of 5,721 cases. Annals of surgery.

Li, C., Faulkner‐Jones, A., Dun, A. R., Jin, J., Chen, P., Xing, Y., ... & Duncan, R. R. (2015). Rapid formation of a supramolecular polypeptide–DNA hydrogel for in situ three‐dimensional multilayer bioprinting. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 54(13), 3957-3961.

Li, L., Liu, Y., Wu, P., Peng, Z., Wang, X., Chen, T., ... & Yu, H. (2019). Influenza-associated excess respiratory mortality in China, 2010–15: a population-based study. The Lancet Public Health, 4(9), e473-e481.

Li, P. E., Lo, C. C., Anderson, J. J., Davenport, K. W., Bishop-Lilly, K. A., Xu, Y., ... & Chain, P. S. (2017). Enabling the democratization of the genomics revolution with a fully integrated web-based bioinformatics platform. Nucleic acids research, 45(1), 67-80.

Liu, M., Chen, Y., Guo, Y., Yuan, H., Cui, T., Yao, S., ... & Guo, Z. (2022). Golgi apparatus-targeted aggregation-induced emission luminogens for effective cancer photodynamic therapy. Nature Communications, 13(1), 2179.

Loewe, M. (2019). The men who governed Han China: companion to a biographical dictionary of the Qin, former Han and Xin periods (Vol. 17). Brill.

Loewe, M., Zintl, T., & Houdret, A. (2021). The social contract as a tool of analysis: Introduction to the special issue on “Framing the evolution of new social contracts in Middle Eastern and North African countries”. World Development, 145, 104982.

Loewe-Muñoz, V., Balzarini, M., Delard, C., & Álvarez, A. (2019). Variability of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) fruit traits impacting pine nut yield. Annals of Forest Science, 76(2), 1-10.

McCarthy, J., Lupo, P. J., Kovar, E., Rech, M., Bostwick, B., Scott, D., ... & Schaaf, C. P. (2018). Schaaf‐Yang syndrome overview: Report of 78 individuals. American journal of medical genetics Part A, 176(12), 2564-2574.

Ribas, A., Puzanov, I., Dummer, R., Schadendorf, D., Hamid, O., Robert, C., ... & Daud, A. (2015). Pembrolizumab versus investigator-choice chemotherapy for ipilimumab-refractory melanoma (KEYNOTE-002): a randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. The lancet oncology, 16(8), 908-918.

Schaub, J. R., Huppert, K. A., Kurial, S. N., Hsu, B. Y., Cast, A. E., Donnelly, B., ... & Willenbring, H. (2018). De novo formation of the biliary system by TGFβ-mediated hepatocyte transdifferentiation. Nature, 557(7704), 247-251.

Sun, Y., Li, W. F., Chen, N. Y., Zhang, N., Hu, G. Q., Xie, F. Y., ... & Ma, J. (2016). Induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a phase 3, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. The lancet oncology, 17(11), 1509-1520.

Trong, D. D., Hai, D. N. D., & Dien, N. M. (2019). On a time–space fractional backward diffusion problem with inexact orders. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 78(5), 1572-1593.

Uhlig, J., Lücke, C., Vliegenthart, R., Loewe, C., Grothoff, M., Schuster, A., ... & ESCR MRCT Registry contributors Daniel Thomas. (2019). Acute adverse events in cardiac MR imaging with gadolinium-based contrast agents: results from the European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR) MRCT Registry in 72,839 patients. European radiology, 29, 3686-3695.

Van Der Veen, W., Van Den Bemt, P. M., Wouters, H., Bates, D. W., Twisk, J. W., De Gier, J. J., ... & Mangelaars, I. (2018). Association between workarounds and medication administration errors in bar-code-assisted medication administration in hospitals. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 25(4), 385-392.

Van Thanh, N. (2019). Economic performance of rice production towards VIETGAP in Phong Binh, Phong Dien, Thua Thien Hue. Hue University Journal of Science: Agriculture and Rural Development, 128(3B), 59-69.

Wang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., Zhu, F., Liu, X., Zhang, J., ... & Peng, Z. (2020). Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. jama, 323(11), 1061-1069.

Wang, F. S., & Zhang, C. (2020). What to do next to control the 2019-nCoV epidemic?. The Lancet, 395(10222), 391-393.

Wang, Y., Lu, X., Li, Y., Chen, H., Chen, T., Su, N., ... & Wang, J. (2020). Clinical course and outcomes of 344 intensive care patients with COVID-19. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 201(11), 1430-1434.

Wu, J., Savooji, J., & Liu, D. (2016). Second-and third-generation ALK inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer. Journal of hematology & oncology, 9(1), 1-7.

Xiao, J. X., Alugongo, G. M., Chung, R., Dong, S. Z., Li, S. L., Yoon, I., ... & Cao, Z. J. (2016). Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products on dairy calves: Ruminal fermentation, gastrointestinal morphology, and microbial community. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(7), 5401-5412.

Yang, B. R., Yuen, S. C., Fan, G. Y., Cong, W. H., Leung, S. W., & Lee, S. M. Y. (2018). Identification of certain Panax species to be potential substitutes for Panax notoginseng in hemostatic treatments. Pharmacological Research, 134, 1-15.

Yang, R. M., Zhang, G. L., Liu, F., Lu, Y. Y., Yang, F., Yang, F., ... & Li, D. C. (2016). Comparison of boosted regression tree and random forest models for mapping topsoil organic carbon concentration in an alpine ecosystem. Ecological Indicators, 60, 870-878.

Yuan, C. Z., Zhong, S. L., Jiang, Y. F., Yang, Z. K., Zhao, Z. W., Zhao, S. J., ... & Xu, A. W. (2017). Direct growth of cobalt-rich cobalt phosphide catalysts on cobalt foil: an efficient and self-supported bifunctional electrode for overall water splitting in alkaline media. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 5(21), 10561-10566.

Yuan, Y., Zhao, Z., Niu, S., Li, X., Wang, Y., & Bai, Z. (2018). Reclamation promotes the succession of the soil and vegetation in opencast coal mine: A case study from Robinia pseudoacacia reclaimed forests, Pingshuo mine, China. Catena, 165, 72-79.

Zhang, Z., Wen, J., Sun, L., Deng, Q., Su, S., & Yao, P. (2017). Efficient incremental dynamic link prediction algorithms in social network. Knowledge-Based Systems, 132, 226-235.

Zhou, M., Wang, H., Zhu, J., Chen, W., Wang, L., Liu, S., ... & Liang, X. (2016). Cause-specific mortality for 240 causes in China during 1990–2013: a systematic subnational analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet, 387(10015), 251-272.