Classifying and Triggering Events in Close-Contact Bullying Scenarios: A Study on the Effectiveness of Remote Deep Neural Networks

Zakir Hossain; Nisher  Ahmed; Md Emran  Hossain; Md Farhad  Kabir; Iffat Sania  Hossain

doi:10.55927/ijar.v4i2.13782

Authors

Zakir Hossain College of Engineering and Computer Science, California State University Northridge
Nisher Ahmed College of Technology and Engineering, Westcliff University
Md Emran Hossain College of Technology and Engineering, Westcliff University
Md Farhad Kabir Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California
Iffat Sania Hossain Martin V. Smith School of Business and Economics, California State University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/ijar.v4i2.13782

Keywords:

Deep Learning, Remote Monitoring, Detection, Intervention Strategies, Deep Neural Networks (DNNS)

Abstract

Cyber bullying in close-contact environments, especially schools, is another huge social problem that has a deep impact on victims psychologically and mentally. Recent developments in deep learning and remote monitoring technologies offer the potential to improve real-time detection and intervention strategies. In this work, we explore the effectiveness of remote deep neural networks (DNNs) for classifying and identifying trigger events in close-contact bullying events. Using spatial-temporal video data and multimodal sensor inputs, we present a hierarchical DNN framework that fuses real-time audio, video, and physiological signals to accurately identify bullying events.In our proposed system, we use transfer learning using pre-trained vision transformers (ViTs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract the key visual features, while Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) networks analyze the speech and contextual cues. We develop a hierarchical user model to classify events into verbal,physical, and psychological bullying. The deployed system on edge devices, with cloud-assisted inference, yields real-time low-latency detection.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahmed, N., Hossain, M. E., Rishad, S. S. I., Mohiuddin, A. B., Sarkar, M. I., & Hossain, Z. Leveraging Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Cloud Management and Self-Healing Systems. JURIHUM : Jurnal Inovasi Dan Humaniora, 1(6), 678–689.

Ahmed, N., Hossain, M. E., Rishad, S. S. I., Rimi, N. N., & Sarkar, M. I. Server less Architecture: Optimizing Application Scalability and Cost Efficiency in Cloud Computing.. BULLET : Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 1(06), 1366–1380.

Arthan, N., Kacheru, G., & Bajjuru, R. (2019). Radio Frequency in Autonomous Vehicles: Communication Standards and Safety Protocols. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 10(1), 449-478.

Bajjuru, R., Kacheru, G., & Arthan, N. (2020). RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID): ADVANCEMENTS, APPLICATIONS, ANDSECURITY CHALLENGES. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, 11(3).

Dalal, A. (2018). Cybersecurity And Artificial Intelligence: How AI Is Being Used in Cybersecurity To Improve Detection And Response To Cyber Threats. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 9(3), 1416-1423.

Dalal, A., & Mahjabeen, F. (2011). Public Key Infrastructure for Enhanced Enterprise Security: Implementation Challenges in the US, Canada, and Japan. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 2(1), 110.

Dalal, A., & Mahjabeen, F. (2011). Strengthening Cybersecurity Infrastructure in the US and Canada: A Comparative Study of Threat Detection Models. International Journal of Machine Learning Research in Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence, 2(1), 19.

Dalal, A., & Mahjabeen, F. (2012). Cloud Storage Security: Balancing Privacy and Security in the US, Canada, EU, and Asia. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 3(1), 19-27.

Dalal, A., & Mahjabeen, F. (2012). Cybersecurity Challenges and Solutions in SAP ERP Systems: Enhancing Application Security, GRC, and Audit Controls. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 3(1), 1-18.

Dalal, A., & Mahjabeen, F. (2012). Managing Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) Security: A Comparative Study in the US, Australia, and Asia. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 3(1), 1930.

Dalal, A., & Mahjabeen, F. (2013). Securing Critical Infrastructure: Cybersecurity for Industrial Control Systems in the US, Canada, and the EU. International Journal of Machine Learning Research in Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence, 4(1), 18-28.

Dalal, A., & Mahjabeen, F. (2013). Strengthening SAP and ERP Security for US and European Enterprises: Addressing Emerging Threats in Critical Systems. International Journal of Machine Learning Research in Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence, 4(1), 1-17.

Dalal, A., & Mahjabeen, F. (2014). Enhancing SAP Security in Cloud Environments: Challenges and Solutions. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 5(1), 1-19.

Dalal, A., & Roy, R. (2021). CYBERSECURITY AND PRIVACY: BALANCING SECURITY AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS IN THE DIGITAL AGE. JOURNAL OF BASIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 18(1).

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., & Mahjabeen, F. (2016). Ensuring ERP Security in Edge Computing Deployments: Challenges and Innovations for SAP Systems. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 7(1), 1-17.

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., & Mahjabeen, F. (2016). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Cyber Threat Intelligence: Perspectives from the US, Canada, and Japan. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 7(1), 1828.

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., & Mahjabeen, F. (2018). Blockchain Applications for Data Integrity and Privacy: A Comparative Analysis in the US, EU, and Asia. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technologies and Innovations, 1(4), 2535.

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., & Mahjabeen, F. (2019). Defending Machine Learning Systems: Adversarial Attacks and Robust Defenses in the US and Asia. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technologies and Innovations, 1(1), 102109.

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., & Mahjabeen, F. (2020). AI Powered Threat Hunting in SAP and ERP Environments: Proactive Approaches to Cyber Defense. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technologies and Innovations, 1(2), 95-112.

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., & Mahjabeen, F. (2021). Quantum Safe Strategies for SAP and ERP Systems: Preparing for the Future of Data Protection. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technologies and Innovations, 1(2), 127141.

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., Kothamali, P. R., & Mahjabeen, F. (2017). Integrating Blockchain with ERP Systems: Revolutionizing Data Security and Process Transparency in SAP. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 8(1), 66-77.

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., Mahjabeen, F., & Kothamali, P. R. (2018). Advanced Governance, Risk, and Compliance Strategies for SAP and ERP Systems in the US and Europe: Leveraging Automation and Analytics. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technologies and Innovations, 1(2), 30-43.

Dalal, A., Abdul, S., Mahjabeen, F., & Kothamali, P. R. (2019). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Enhanced Application Security. International Journal of Machine Learning Research in Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence, 10(1), 82-99.

Datta, R., Halimuzzaman, M., & Honey, S. (2024). A Comparative Analysis of Safety Performance in Commercial and Residential Construction: Unraveling Critical Insights. Journal of Control & Instrumentation, 15(01), 1-10.

Datta, R., Pankaj Sarker, K., Shikdar, L., Halimuzzaman, M., & Rezaul Karim, M. (2024). Mobile Applications for Enhancing Safety Audits in Healthcare Construction Sites. Journal of Angiotherapy, 8(9), 1-6.

Habib, H. (2015). Awareness about special education in Hyderabad. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 4(5), 1296-1300.

Habib, H., & Janae, J. (2024). Breaking Barriers: How AI is Transforming Special Education Classrooms. Bulletin of Engineering Science and Technology, 1(02), 86-108.

Habib, H., Jelani, S. A. K., & Najla, S. (2022). Revolutionizing Inclusion: AI in Adaptive Learning for Students with Disabilities. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 1(01), 1-11.

Habib, H., Jelani, S. A. K., & Rasheed, N. T. (2021). Tailored Education: AI in the Development of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs). Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 1(01), 8-18.

Habib, H., Jelani, S. A. K., Ali, S. S., & Kadari, J. (2023). From Assessment to Empowerment: The Role of AI in Special Education Progress Monitoring. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 9(01), 67-98.

Habib, H., Jelani, S. A. K., Alizzi, M., & Numair, H. (2020). Personalized Learning Paths: AI Applications in Special Education. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 6(01).

Habib, H., Jelani, S. A. K., Numair, H., & Mubeen, S. (2019). Enhancing Communication Skills: AI Technologies for Students with Speech and Language Needs. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 5(01).

Halimuzzaman, M., & Sharma, J. (2022). Applications of accounting information system (AIS) under Enterprise resource planning (ERP): A comprehensive review. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education (INT-JECSE), 14(2), 6801-6806.

Halimuzzaman, M., & Sharma, J. (2024). The Role of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in Improving the Accounting Information System for Organizations. In Revolutionizing the AI-Digital Landscape (pp. 263-274). Productivity Press.

Halimuzzaman, M., Khaiar, M. A., & Hoque, M. M. (2014). An analysis of progress of rural development scheme (RDS) by IBBL: A study on Kushtia Branch. Bangla Vision, 13(1), 169-180.

Halimuzzaman, M., Sharma, D. J., Bhattacharjee, T., Mallik, B., Rahman, R., Rezaul Karim, M., ... & Fokhrul Islam, M. (2024). Blockchain technology for integrating electronic records of digital healthcare system. Journal of Angiotherapy, 8(7).

Halimuzzaman, M., Sharma, J., & Khang, A. (2024). Enterprise Resource Planning and Accounting Information Systems: Modeling the Relationship in Manufacturing. In Machine Vision and Industrial Robotics in Manufacturing (pp. 418-434). CRC Press.

Halimuzzaman, M., Sharma, J., Hossain, M. I., Akand, F., Islam, M. N., Ikram, M. M., & Khan, N. N. Healthcare Service Quality Digitization with Enterprise Resource Planning.

Halimuzzaman, M., Sharma, J., Islam, D., Habib, F., & Ahmed, S. S. FINANCIAL IMPACT OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) ON ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS (AIS): A STUDY ON PETROLEUM COMPANIES IN BANGLADESH.

Halimuzzaman, M., Sharma, J., Karim, M. R., Hossain, M. R., Azad, M. A. K., & Alam, M. M. (2024). Enhancement of Organizational Accounting Information Systems and Financial Control through Enterprise Resource Planning. In Synergy of AI and Fintech in the Digital Gig Economy (pp. 315-331). CRC Press.

Hasan, A. S., Debu, S. S. S. D., Eti, I. J., Halimuzzaman, M., & Rezaul, M. Machine Learning Models for Predicting Risky Pregnancies in Early Clinical Interventions.

Hossain, M. A., & Rahman, T. Y. (2024). Human factors and employee resistance to adopting new cybersecurity protocols and technologies. Bulletin of Engineering Science and Technology, 1(03), 175-199.

Hossain, M. A., & Raza, M. A. (2023). EXPLORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTIFACTOR AUTHENTICATION IN PREVENTING UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO ONLINE BANKING SYSTEMS. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 1(01), 8-12.

Hossain, M. A., & Raza, M. A. (2024). Investigating the role of blockchain technology in enhancing data integrity and security for interbank transactions. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 10(01), 17-32.

Hossain, M. A., Raza, M. A., & Rahman, J. Y. (2024). ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING IN DETECTING AND PREVENTING FRAUDULENT TRANSACTIONS IN REALTIME. Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 1(01), 1-11.

Hossain, M. A., Raza, M. A., & Rahman, T. Y. (2023). Resource allocation and budgetary constraints for cybersecurity projects in small to medium sized banks. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 9(01), 135-157.

Hossain, M. E., Kabir, M. F., Al Noman, A., Akter, N., & Hossain, Z. (2022). ENHANCING DATA PRIVACY AND SECURITY IN MULTI CLOUD ENVIRONMENTS. BULLET: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 1(05), 967-975.

Hossain, M. E., Tarafder, M. T. R., Ahmed, N., Al Noman, A., Sarkar, M. I., & Hossain, Z. (2023). Integrating AI with Edge Computing and Cloud Services for Real-Time Data Processing and Decision Making. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts, 2(4), 252-261.

Hossain, S. S., Ebrahimi, M. R., Padmanabhan, B., El Naqa, I., Kuo, P. C., Beard, A., & Merkel, S. (2023, June). Robust AI-enabled Simulation of Treatment Paths with Markov Decision Process for Breast Cancer Patients. In 2023 IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence (CAI) (pp. 105-108). IEEE.

Hossain, S. S., Lazar, D. M., & Begum, M. (2021). Ordinal Statistical Models of Physical Activity Levels from Accelerometer Data. International Journal of Exercise Science, 14(7), 338.

Islam, M. F., Debnath, S., Das, H., Hasan, F., Sultana, S., Datta, R., ... & Halimuzzaman, M. (2024). Impact of Rapid Economic Development with Rising Carbon Emissions on Public Health and Healthcare Costs in Bangladesh. Journal of Angiotherapy, 8(7), 1-9.

Islam, M. F., Eity, S. B., Barua, P., & Halimuzzaman, M. (2023). Liabilities of Street Food Vendors for spreading out Chronic Diseases and Environment Pollution: A Study on Chattogram, Bangladesh. JETIR, 10 (11), Article 11.

Kacheru, G. (2024). AI-POWERED TEST AUTOMATIONFRAMEWORKS: CHOOSING THE RIGHTTOOLS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & MACHINE LEARNING (IJAIML), 3(02), 1-10.

Kacheru, G., Bajjuru, R., & Arthan, N. (2019). Security Considerations When Automating Software Development. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 10(1), 598-617.

Kacheru, G., Bajjuru, R., & Arthan, N. (2022). Surge of Cyber Scams during the COVID19 Pandemic: Analyzing the Shift in Tactics. BULLET: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 1(02), 192-202.

Muhammad, S., Meerjat, F., Meerjat, A., & Dalal, A. (2024). Safeguarding Data Privacy: Enhancing Cybersecurity Measures for Protecting Personal Data in the United States. International Journal of Machine Learning Research in Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence, 15(1), 141-176.

Muhammad, S., Meerjat, F., Meerjat, A., Dalal, A., & Abdul, S. (2023). Enhancing cybersecurity measures for blockchain: Securing transactions in decentralized systems. Unique Endeavor in Business & Social Sciences, 2(1), 120-141.

Muhammad, S., Meerjat, F., Meerjat, A., Naz, S., & Dalal, A. (2023). Strengthening Mobile Platform Cybersecurity in the United States: Strategies and Innovations. Revista de Inteligencia Artificial en Medicina, 14(1), 84-112.

Muhammad, S., Meerjat, F., Meerjat, A., Naz, S., & Dalal, A. (2024). Enhancing Cybersecurity Measures for Robust Fraud Detection and Prevention in US Online Banking. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technologies and Innovations, 1(3), 510-541.

Rana, M. M., Kalam, A., & Halimuzzaman, M. (2012). CO RPO RATE SO C IAL RESPO NSIBILITY (C SR) OF DUTC H-BANG LA BANK LIMITED: A CASE STUDY.

Sohel, M. S., Shi, G., Zaman, N. T., Hossain, B., Halimuzzaman, M., Akintunde, T. Y., & Liu, H. (2022). Understanding the food insecurity and coping strategies of indigenous households during COVID-19 crisis in Chittagong hill tracts, Bangladesh: A qualitative study. Foods, 11(19), 3103.

Tarafder, M. T. R., Mohiuddin, A. B., Ahmed, N., Shihab, M. A., & Kabir, M. F. (2022). Block chain-Based Solutions for Improved Cloud Data Integrity and Security. BULLET: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu, 1(04), 736-748.

Tarafder, M. T. R., Mohiuddin, A. B., Ahmed, N., Shihab, M. A., & Kabir, M. F. (2023). The Role of AI and Machine Learning in Optimizing Cloud Resource Allocation. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts, 2(1), 262-27.

Venaik, U., Dalal, A., Mittal, M., Kushwaha, A., & Kumar, L. (2024). NLP Project Report: Textual Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction in Conversations. Journal of Computational Analysis and Applications, 33(7).

Z. Hossain, N. Ahmed, S. N. Jahan, A. M. Yoshi and A. Rohan, "Reinforcement Learning Approaches In Open-Ended Environments," 2024 6th International Conference on Electrical, Control and Instrumentation Engineering (ICECIE), Pattaya, Thailand, 2024, pp. 1-8, doi: 10.1109/ICECIE63774.2024.10815636.