Intention to Apply: A Perspective of Jakarta’s Generation Z based on Employer Brand Attractiveness and Organizational Reputation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/ijcs.v1i8.9994Keywords:
Employer Brand Attractiveness, Organizational Reputation, Intention to Apply, Generation ZAbstract
Generation Z is a digital native generation and is expected to dominate the workforce by 2025. In Jakarta, youth employment remains high and is dominated by Generation Z, highlighting the need for human resources to understand the generation’s behavioral tendencies and attract top talent. Quantitative research utilizing a self-administered questionnaire to 248 university students in 5 different universities in Jakarta is implemented. PLS-SEM data analysis method is used. All hypotheses are found significant with a positive influence. Social value of employer brand attractiveness and financial performance of organizational reputation are found to be the most attractive factor by Generation Z. The implications of this research can be used for developing an effective human resource strategy to attract Generation Z
Downloads
References
Adams, S., & de Kock, F. (2015). The role of salient beliefs in graduates’ intention to apply. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 41(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v41i1.1223
Amara, N. A. N., Barkah, Daud, I., Sulistiowati, & Hendri, M. I. (2023). The Effect of Employer Attractiveness and Compensation on Job Pursuit Intention to Fmcg Companies in Indonesia: Corporate Reputation as an Intervening Variable. Scientific Research Journal of Economics and Business Management, 3(1), 17–26.
Ambler, T., & Barrow, S. (1996). The employer brand. Journal of Brand Management, 4(3), 185–206. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.1996.42
Barber, A. E., & Roehling, M. V. (1993). Job postings and the decision to interview: A verbal protocol analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(5), 845–856. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.5.845
Berthon, P., Ewing, M., & Hah, L. L. (2005). Captivating company: Dimensions of attractiveness in employer branding. International Journal of Advertising, 24(2), 151–172. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2005.11072912
BPS Indonesia. (2020). 2020 Population Cencus. https://sensus.bps.go.id/main/index/sp2020
BPS Indonesia. (2022). Penduduk Provinsi DKI Jakarta Berumur 15 Tahun ke Atas Menurut Kelompok Umur dan Angkatan Kerja 2020-2022. https://jakarta.bps.go.id/indicator/6/114/1/penduduk-provinsi-dki-jakarta-berumur-15-tahun-ke-atas-menurut-kelompok-umur-dan-angkatan-kerja.html
BPS Indonesia. (2023). Tingkat kesempatan kerja di Jakarta meningkat tipis. https://jakarta.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2023/05/05/1083/tingkat-kesempatan-kerja-di-jakarta-meningkat-tipis.html
Chapman, D. S., Uggerslev, K. L., Carroll, S. A., Piasentin, K. A., & Jones, D. A. (2005). Applicant Attraction to Organizations and Job Choice: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Correlates of Recruiting Outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(5), 928–944. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.5.928
Cooley, D., & Parks-Yancy, R. (2019). The Effect of Social Media on Perceived Information Credibility and Decision Making. Journal of Internet Commerce, 18(3), 249–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2019.1595362
Dolot, A. (2018). The characteristics of Generation Z. https://www.e-mentor.edu.pl/artykul/index/numer/74/id/1351
Dwidienawati, D., & Gandasari, D. (2018). Understanding Indonesia’s Generation Z. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(3), 245–252.
Elbendary, I., Elsetouhi, A. M., Marie, M., & Aljafari, A. M. (2023). A mixed-methods approach for the relationship between organizational attributes, reputation, employer brand and intention to apply for a job vacancy. Personnel Review. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-03-2021-0188
Fombrun, C. J., Gardberg, N. A., & Sever, J. M. (2000). The Reputation QuotientSM: A multi-stakeholder measure of corporate reputation. Journal of Brand Management, 7(4), 241–255. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2000.10
Foroudi, P., Marvi, R., Izadi, J., & Pirzadeh, P. (2020). Take a new turn: Relationships between corporate identity management and corporate reputation in a hospitality context. In TC. Melewar, C. Dennis, & P. Foroudi (Eds.), Hospitality context, Building corporate identity, image and reputation in digital era. Routledge.
Gaultier-Gaillard, S., & Louisot, J.-P. (2006). Risks to Reputation: A Global Approach. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, 31(3), 425–445. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.gpp.2510090
Griffin, R. W. (2016). Fundamentals of Management (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. www.cengagebrain.comwww.cengage.com
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. www.cengage.com/highered
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Hanu, C., Amegbe, H., & Mensah, P. (2021). Your Future Employer: Employer Branding, Reputation, and Social Media. African Journal of Inter/Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.51415/ajims.v3i1.860
Hermuningsih, S. (2019). Effect of Financial Performance on Company Growth with Company Size as Moderating Variable. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Life, Innovation, Change and Knowledge (ICLICK 2018). https://doi.org/10.2991/iclick-18.2019.43
Highhouse, S., Lievens, F., & Sinar, E. F. (2003). Measuring attraction to organizations. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 63(6), 986–1001. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164403258403
Indonesian Ministry of Manpower. (2023). Pengangguran terbuka (PT) periode februari 2023 di Indonesia. https://satudata.kemnaker.go.id/data/kumpulan-data/1512
Junça Silva, A., & Dias, H. (2022). The relationship between employer branding, corporate reputation and intention to apply to a job offer. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(8), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-01-2022-3129
Kaplan, A. M. (2018). Social Media, Definition, and History. In Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining (pp. 2662–2665). Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7131-2_95
Kashive, N., Khanna, V. T., & Bharthi, M. N. (2020). Employer branding through crowdsourcing: understanding the sentiments of employees. Journal of Indian Business Research, 12(1), 93–111. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIBR-09-2019-0276
Kaul, A., Chaudhri, V., Cherian, D., Freberg, K., Mishra, S., Kumar, R., Pridmore, J., Lee, S. Y., Rana, N., Majmudar, U., & Carroll, C. E. (2015). Social Media: The New Mantra for Managing Reputation. Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers, 40(4), 455–491. https://doi.org/10.1177/0256090915618029
Kaul, A., & Desai, A. (2014). Corporate Reputation Decoded Building, Managing and Strategising for Corporate Excellence. SAGE Publications India Pvt, Ltd.
Kimpakorn, N., & Tocquer, G. (2009). Employees’ commitment to brands in the service sector: Luxury hotel chains in Thailand. Journal of Brand Management, 16(8), 532–544. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2550140
Kline, R. B. (2023). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (5th ed.). The Guilford Press.
Lanier, K. (2017). 5 things HR professionals need to know about Generation Z. Strategic HR Review, 16(6), 288–290. https://doi.org/10.1108/shr-08-2017-0051
Madden, C. (2019). Hello gen z: Engaging the generation of post-millennials (2nd ed.). Hello Clarity.
Ozkan, M., & Solmaz, B. (2015). The Changing Face of the Employees – Generation Z and Their Perceptions of Work (A Study Applied to University Students). Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 476–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00876-X
Pew Research Center. (2019). Defining generations: Where millennials end and generation Z begins. Pew Research Center.
Racolța-Paina, N. D., & Irini, R. D. (2021). Generation Z in the Workplace through the Lenses of Human Resource Professionals-A Qualitative Study. Quality - Access to Success, 22(183), 78–85. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352374489
Rana, G., Agarwal, S., & Sharma, R. (2021). Employer Branding for Competitive Advantage. In Employer Branding for Competitive Advantage. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003127826
Santiago, J. (2019). The relationship between brand attractiveness and the intent to apply for a job: A millennials’ perspective. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 28(2), 142–157. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJMBE-12-2018-0136
Schawbel, D. (2014, September 12). Gen Z Employees: The 5 Attributes You Need to Know. Gen Z Employees: The 5 Attributes You Need to Know
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business (7th ed.). John Wiley & Sons Ltd. www.wileypluslearningspace.com
Sidorcuka, I., & Chesnovicka, A. (2017). Methods of Attraction and Retention of Generation Z Staff. CBU International Conference Proceedings, 5, 807–814. https://doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.1030
Silaban, P. H., Octoyuda, E., & Silalahi, A. D. K. (2023). Perceived Credibility Information on Social Media of Corporate Brand Reputation and Its Impact on Jobseeker Intention to Apply. International Journal of Business, 28(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.55802/IJB.028(1).005
Sivertzen, A. M., Nilsen, E. R., & Olafsen, A. H. (2013). Employer branding: Employer attractiveness and the use of social media. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 22(7), 473–483. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-09-2013-0393
Soeling, P. D., Ajeng Arsanti, S. D., & Indriati, F. (2022). Organizational reputation: does it mediate the effect of employer brand attractiveness on intention to apply in Indonesia? Heliyon, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09208
Strauss, W., & Neil Howe, N. (1991). Generations The History Of Americas Future 1584 To 2069. Harper.
Tang, N., Wang, Y., & Zhang, K. (2017). Values of Chinese generation cohorts: Do they matter in the workplace? Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 143, 8–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2017.07.007
United Nations. (2022). World Population Prospects 2022. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Priscilla Agatha, Amanda Setiorini

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.





















